○Shima Sakai¹, Mari Ikeda², Atsuko Fujii³ (1. School of Health Sciences,Kyorin University , 2. School of Nursing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 3. Tokyo Women's Medical Hosipital)

○Masako Tomita¹, Chieko OOsaki¹, Murata Kanako¹, Suzuki Hiroko¹, Matuki Eri¹, Komatuzaki Kiiko¹, Haga Jyunko¹, Ishihara Yukie¹, Yoshihara Syouko¹, Sakai Shima² (1. Department of Nursing,School of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, Showa University, 2. Department of Nursing,Faculty of health sciences,Kyorin University)

○kanako shiga¹ (1. Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing)

○Mihoko Usui¹, Toyoaki Yamauchi² (1. Faculty of Nursing, Tokyo Ariake University of Medical and Health Sciences, 2. Divsion of Human Life and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The Open University of Japan)