日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会

講演情報

[J] ポスター発表

セッション記号 M (領域外・複数領域) » M-IS ジョイント

[M-IS11] 水惑星学

2019年5月28日(火) 17:15 〜 18:30 ポスター会場 (幕張メッセ国際展示場 8ホール)

コンビーナ:関根 康人(東京工業大学地球生命研究所)、臼井 寛裕(東京工業大学地球生命研究所)、福士 圭介(金沢大学環日本海域環境研究センター)、渋谷 岳造(海洋研究開発機構)

[MIS11-P11] 300-500℃, 1.5 kbarにおけるユークライト質ガラスと0.1 M NaCl水溶液の反応実験:エウロパ内部海における水‐岩石反応への示唆

*長澤 真1,2高谷 雄太郎1 (1.早稲田大学創造理工学部環境資源工学科、2.東京大学大学院理学系研究科地球惑星科学専攻)

キーワード:エウロパ、水‐岩石反応

Europa, the second satellite of Jupiter, probably has subsurface ocean under its icy crust. The yellow-brown color of its leading anti-Jovian hemisphere could be explained by endogenous substances such as sodium chloride, which suggests the presence of hydrothermal activity (water-rock interaction) [Hand and Carlson, 2015]. In this study, we conducted water-rock interaction experiments to determine the mineral assemblage of altered rock on Europa’s mantle surface and to constrain the amount of available energy for sustaining the putative chemoautotroph-based ecosystems.

In our experiments, eucritic synthesis glass and 0.1 M NaCl aqueous solution were reacted at 300-500℃ and 1.5 kbar for 8, 16 and 32 days, using cold-seal type pressure vessels. The water/rock mass ratio was fixed at 1/1 in all the experiments (50 mg of powdered glass to 50 µL of NaCl solution). Solid products were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and SEM equipped with EDS. Water chemistry of the reacted solution were determined by ICP-MS.

The mineral assemblages observed in our experiments were as follows.
・Fe-rich smectite (saponite), epistilbite and xonotlite at 300℃ and 1.5 kbar
・Fe-rich smectite (saponite), ferroactinolite, Ca-rich plagioclase and minor amount of magnetite at 400℃ and 1.5 kbar
・Mg-rich smectite, ferroactinolite, Ca-rich plagioclase, magnetite and hydroxyapatite at 500℃ and 1.5 kbar

The formation of magnetite at 400-500℃ suggests that these high-temperature water-rock interactions may generate hydrogen and sustain chemoautotroph-based ecosystems. As a future work, we would like to evaluate the hydrogen generation potential quantitatively.