日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会

講演情報

[E] ポスター発表

セッション記号 S (固体地球科学) » S-IT 地球内部科学・地球惑星テクトニクス

[S-IT24] Attenuation from crust to core: in situ experiments, observaions and implications

2019年5月26日(日) 17:15 〜 18:30 ポスター会場 (幕張メッセ国際展示場 8ホール)

コンビーナ:小西 健介(台湾中央研究院地球科学研究所)、片山 郁夫(広島大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星システム学専攻)、芳野 極(岡山大学惑星物質研究所)、Alexandre Schubnel(CNRS)

[SIT24-P04] Inferring the lowermost mantle thermo-chemical structure beneath the Western Pacific with seismic attenuation and shear-wave speed anomalies

*Frederic Deschamps1Kensuke Konishi1Nobuaki Fuji2Laura J Cobden3 (1.Academia Sinica、2.Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris、3.Utrecht University)

キーワード:Seismic waveform, Seismic attenuation, Mantle structure, LLSVP

The Earth’s deep mantle seismic structure is dominated by two large low shear-wave velocity provinces (LLSVPs) located beneath Africa and the Pacific. These structures have been observed by many studies and data sets, but their nature, purely thermal or thermo-chemical, is still debated. Due to trade-off between temperature and composition, maps of shear-wave velocity anomalies (dlnVS) alone are unable to discriminate between purely thermal and thermo-chemical hypotheses. Seismic shear-wave attenuation, measured by the quality factor QS, strongly depends on temperature and may bring additional information on this parameter, allowing to resolve the trade-off between temperature and composition. Here, we invert seismic waveform data jointly for radial models of dlnVS, and QS at two different locations beneath the Pacific, and from a depth of 2000 km down to the core-mantle boundary (CMB). At the Northern Pacific (NP) location, sampling a region around 50º N latitude and 180º E longitude, around VS and QS remain close to the PREM values, representing the horizontal average mantle, throughout the investigated depth-range, with dlnVS ~ -0.1% and QS ~ 300 (compared to QPREM = 312). At the Western Pacific (WP) location, sampling the western tip of the Pacific LLSVP and the Caroline plume, both VS and QS are substantially lower than PREM. Importantly, dlnVS and QS sharply decrease in the lowermost 500 km, from -0.6 % and 255 at 2500 km, to -2.5% and 215 close to the CMB. We then show that WP models cannot be explained by thermal anomalies alone, but require excess in iron of 3.5 to 4.5 % from the CMB up to 2600 km, and about 0.4 to 1.0 % at shallower depths. This later enrichment may be due to the entrainment of small amounts of the Pacific LLSVP material by the Caroline plume. The values of QS we observe give an estimate of the temperature anomalies, around 300-400 K close to the CMB, and 150 K at shallower depths. By contrast, NP models may have a purely thermal origin and can be explained by a temperature excess of about 50 K.