*Tennyson Lap Wing Lo¹、Yuichi S. Hayakawa²、Yasutaka Nakata³、Masato Hayamizu⁴、Takuro Ogura⁵ (1.Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Japan、2.Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Japan、3.Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences Division of Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Japan、4.Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Japan、5.Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, Japan)