13:45 〜 15:15
[AAS08-P06] Statistical analysis of atmospheric turbulence in urban canopy
★Invited Papers
キーワード：Turbulent heat and momentum fluxes, Boundary layer and urban canopy layer, Urban meteorology, Eddy covariance, Direct numerical simulation
The main exchange of energy and mass between the atmosphere and the surface occurs through the means of turbulent processes in the boundary layer of the atmosphere. A modern atmospheric dynamics models use simplified schemes for calculating energy exchange with the surface, based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (MOST). The main requirement of MOST is the uniformity of the underlying surface. This simplification reduces the accuracy of the forecast, especially in regions with heterogeneous orography, such as in urban surface. The obtained regularities in the future may allow us to choose the most accurate parameterisation for better use of MOST in urban conditions.
This paper presents the result of the analysis of the data obtained from the eddy covariance tower installed in the Meteorological observatory of Moscow State University. Acoustic anemometers with a frequency of 20 Hz record three components of wind speed and acoustic temperature at altitudes of 2.2 m, 11.1 m and 18.8 m. For processing high-frequency data and calculating the statistical characteristics of turbulence, a set of programs created by the authors was used.
The seasonal and daily variability of heat and momentum fluxes over an urban surface was analyzed based on data series for period from 2020 to 2022. The detailed statistical analysis of the influence of eddy structures was carried out on the formation of turbulent fluxes in the city. The method proposed in (Barskov et al., 2019) was used to identify coherent vortices. The method is based on the hypothesis of the relationship of third and second moments, described by the ratio:
w'w'c' = C Sw (w'w')1/2 w'c',
where C~1 is non-dimensional constant, Sw is skewness of vertical velocity, w is vertical velocity and c is value carried by the flux (Abdella, McFarlane, 1997; Zilitinkevich, 1999). The results obtained from the measurement data were compared with the results of direct numerical simulation The results indicates a significant contribution of coherent structures to the formation of vertical fluxes over a geometrically complex surface, which is consistent with the estimates received earlier for natural and city landscapes (Barskov et al, 2022). A footprint was analyzed for various directions of wind and stratification conditions to assess the influence of an urbanized surface on the formation of heat and momentum fluxes. The calculation of footprints was carried out based on two-dimensional parameterisation (Kljun et al, 2015).
Acknowledgements
The work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, contracts 075-15-2019-1621, 2020-220-08-5835. Statistical data processing was supported by the RSF grant 21-17-00249.
References
Abdella K., McFarlane N. A new second-order turbulence closure scheme for the planetary boundary layer //Journal of the atmospheric sciences. - 1997. - T. 54. - 14. - C. 1850-1867.
Barskov K. et al. Relationships Between Second and Third Moments in the Surface Layer Under Different Stratification over Grassland and Urban Landscapes //Boundary-Layer Meteorology. - 2022. - C. 1-28.
Barskov K. et al. Two regimes of turbulent fluxes above a frozen small lake surrounded by forest //Boundary-Layer Meteorology. - 2019. - T. 173. - 3. - C. 311-320.
Kljun, N. et al. A simple two-dimensional parameterisation for Flux Footprint Prediction (FFP) //Geoscientific Model Development. - 2015. - T. 8. - 11. - C. 3695-3713.
Zilitinkevich S. et al. Third-order transport and nonlocal turbulence closures for convective boundary layers. - J. Atmos. Sci., 1999. - V. 56. - P. 3463-3477
This paper presents the result of the analysis of the data obtained from the eddy covariance tower installed in the Meteorological observatory of Moscow State University. Acoustic anemometers with a frequency of 20 Hz record three components of wind speed and acoustic temperature at altitudes of 2.2 m, 11.1 m and 18.8 m. For processing high-frequency data and calculating the statistical characteristics of turbulence, a set of programs created by the authors was used.
The seasonal and daily variability of heat and momentum fluxes over an urban surface was analyzed based on data series for period from 2020 to 2022. The detailed statistical analysis of the influence of eddy structures was carried out on the formation of turbulent fluxes in the city. The method proposed in (Barskov et al., 2019) was used to identify coherent vortices. The method is based on the hypothesis of the relationship of third and second moments, described by the ratio:
w'w'c' = C Sw (w'w')1/2 w'c',
where C~1 is non-dimensional constant, Sw is skewness of vertical velocity, w is vertical velocity and c is value carried by the flux (Abdella, McFarlane, 1997; Zilitinkevich, 1999). The results obtained from the measurement data were compared with the results of direct numerical simulation The results indicates a significant contribution of coherent structures to the formation of vertical fluxes over a geometrically complex surface, which is consistent with the estimates received earlier for natural and city landscapes (Barskov et al, 2022). A footprint was analyzed for various directions of wind and stratification conditions to assess the influence of an urbanized surface on the formation of heat and momentum fluxes. The calculation of footprints was carried out based on two-dimensional parameterisation (Kljun et al, 2015).
Acknowledgements
The work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, contracts 075-15-2019-1621, 2020-220-08-5835. Statistical data processing was supported by the RSF grant 21-17-00249.
References
Abdella K., McFarlane N. A new second-order turbulence closure scheme for the planetary boundary layer //Journal of the atmospheric sciences. - 1997. - T. 54. - 14. - C. 1850-1867.
Barskov K. et al. Relationships Between Second and Third Moments in the Surface Layer Under Different Stratification over Grassland and Urban Landscapes //Boundary-Layer Meteorology. - 2022. - C. 1-28.
Barskov K. et al. Two regimes of turbulent fluxes above a frozen small lake surrounded by forest //Boundary-Layer Meteorology. - 2019. - T. 173. - 3. - C. 311-320.
Kljun, N. et al. A simple two-dimensional parameterisation for Flux Footprint Prediction (FFP) //Geoscientific Model Development. - 2015. - T. 8. - 11. - C. 3695-3713.
Zilitinkevich S. et al. Third-order transport and nonlocal turbulence closures for convective boundary layers. - J. Atmos. Sci., 1999. - V. 56. - P. 3463-3477