[M-IS12] Paleoclimatology and paleoceanography

[MIS12-P07] Environment and climate changes and the emergence, development, and conversion of civilizations during the Holocene in the Anatolian Region

*Kenta Suzuki¹, Ryuji Tada¹, Toshihiro Tada¹, Katsura Yamada², Kota Katsuki³, Shuangning Tang ², Satake Wataru¹, Hilal Seren Şahin⁴, Nurcan Küçükarslan¹, Sencer Sayhan⁵, Bülent Arikan⁴, Kimiyoshi Matsumura⁶, Sachihiro Omura^6,1, Takafumi Matsui¹ (1.Chiba Institute of Technology , 2.Shinshu University, 3.Shimane University, 4.Istanbul Technical University, 5.Ahi Evran University, 6.Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology)

Keywords:Anatolia, Holocene, Kaman-Kalehöyük, Eski Acigol

Anatolia, which occupies a large part of the current Republic of Turkey, was one of the earliest regions in the world to undergo major conversions in human history, such as the development of agriculture, cattle raising, metal smelting, and urbanization, and was the place of civilizations such as the Hittite and Ottoman empires were born, risen, and fallen almost without interruption. Anatolia is located in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and region with a marked shift in climate zones due to changes in the position of the westerly jet and the intertropical convergence zone. Therefore, such climatic shifts can be related to ethnic migrations, lifestyle changes, and technological innovations in the Anatolian region.
Institute for Geo-Cosmology, Chiba Institute of Technology, started our research in the Anatolian region in 2022 to establish a high-precision, high-resolution time axis and a cross-contrast between within-archaeological sites - near archaeological sites - and the regional environment and climate changes to clarify the relationship between changes in lifestyles, material use, production and processing technologies, and the conversions of civilization and environment and climate changes in the Anatolian region. The main study area is Kaman-Kalehöyük, where excavations to date have identified Early Bronze Age sites. In addition, the drilling of wetlands near the site has been conducted to reconstruct the paleo local climate and environment, and the drilling of Eski Acigol, a paleo maar lake, and Nar Lake, the present maar lake in Central Anatolia, has been conducted and planned to reconstruct the paleo regional climate and environment in Anatolia region.
Since 2022, we have been participating in excavations at the Kaman-Kalehöyük to identify the use of furnaces from the Early Bronze Age (Satake et al., H-QR05) and to reconstruct the stratigraphy of trash deposits from the Early Bronze Age to Iron Age and the changes in lifestyle and material used at the site based on their composition (Tada, T. et al., H-QR05). Through this research, we will investigate the evolution of metal refining and processing technologies for copper, bronze, iron, and other metals since the Early Bronze Age. In 2022 and 2023, we drilled the wetland near the Kaman-Kalehöyük to reconstruct the local paleoenvironment of the past 4800 years (Suzuki et al., H-QR05), and in 2023, we drilled the Eski Acigol to reconstruct the regional paleoclimate and paleoenvironment of the past ~ 5000 years (Tada, R. et al., H-QR05). In this presentation, we will give an overview of our research and outline the prospects for future research.