1:45 PM - 3:15 PM
[O08-P59] Ground drainage improvement
Keywords: Drainage, Water absorption, Water retention, Drainage properties
The purpose of this research is to consider the causes of poor drainage of the ground from the condition and properties of the soil, and to improve it. Deterioration of underground pipes is the main cause of poor drainage of the grounds. However, since drainage differs depending on location even on the same ground, I thought that the properties and conditions of the soil may also be related to drainage and started this research.
Hypothesis
There may be differences in water absorption, water retention, and drainage properties between areas with good and poor drainage. Also, improvements in these factors may lead to improved drainage.
Experiment 1:Water absorption
Material Funnel, Beaker, Graduated cylinder, Soil of the ground [6 types in total, 3 layers each in 2 locations, one with good drainage and one with poor drainage]
Method 1, Place 100cm³ of dry soil in a funnel and place a beaker containing 200ml of water as a weight for 5 minutes.
2, Pour 100ml of water and wait for 30 seconds until it stops flowing.
3, Measure the difference between 100ml and the amount of water that came out, and use it as the amount of water absorbed.
4, Perform steps 1 to 3 for all six samples.
Result
Place with good drainage 1st layer:34ml, 2st layer:32ml, 3st layer:34ml
Place with poor drainage 1st layer:34ml, 2layer:40ml, 3st layer:Not measured
Experiment 2:Water retention
Material Funnel, Beaker, Graduated cylinder, Soil of the ground [6 types in total, 3 layers each in 2 locations, one with good drainage and one with poor drainage]
Method 1, Place 100cm³ of moist soil in a funnel and place a beaker containing 200ml of water as a weight for 5 minutes.
2, Pour 100ml of water and wait for 30 seconds until it stops flowing.
3, Measure the difference between 100ml and the amount of water that came out, and use it as the amount of water absorbed.
4, Perform steps 1 to 3 for all six samples.
Result
Not measurable
Experiment 3:Drainage properties
Material Funnel, Beaker, Timer, Soil of the ground [6 types in total, 3 layers each in 2 locations, one with good drainage and one with poor drainage]
Method 1, Place 100cm³ of dry soil in a funnel and place a beaker containing 200ml of water as a weight for 5 minutes.
2, Pour 100ml of water and wait for 30 seconds until it stops flowing.
3, Measure the time from when water is added until it stops coming out.
4, Perform steps 1 to 3 for all six samples.
Result
Place with good drainage 1st layer:21 minutes 11 seconds, 2st layer:12 minutes 03 seconds, 3st layer:3 hours 12 minutes 00 seconds
Place with poor drainage 1st layer:53 minutes 08 seconds, 2st layer:25 minutes 52 seconds, 3st layer:Not measured
Consideration
Values vary depending on the layer even in the same place. - The type of soil is different for each layer.
The two places where soil was collected became ground at the same time. - The type of soil in the two places is the same.
The slope of the ground also affects drainage.
Reasons why water retention could not be measured
This may be related to the fact that the particles become finer when the soil is soaked with water.
The force of adding water may have caused the soil to float, creating layers depending on where the grains were placed.
The soil condition when measuring water retention is similar to soil with poor drainage. - Improving water retention measurement methods may lead to improved drainage.
Future outlook
・Improving water retention measurement methods.
・Research the type of soil used for the ground.
・Research the slope of the ground.
・Observe the soil.
References
・Ito A, Kuroki M, Kosukegawa S, Saga T, Sato K, Suzuki A [ Yuri High School ] Tuti to syokubutu no kannkeisei
・Sekiguti T [ Minamiturumaki Elementary School CST Training assignment report ] koutei ga, naze nukarumunoka ?
・[ Youkoso kousienn he ] Kousienn no guraunndo no tuti ha naze kuroi ? Naze tennnensiba nano ? Utukusii konntorasuto no himitu
Hypothesis
There may be differences in water absorption, water retention, and drainage properties between areas with good and poor drainage. Also, improvements in these factors may lead to improved drainage.
Experiment 1:Water absorption
Material Funnel, Beaker, Graduated cylinder, Soil of the ground [6 types in total, 3 layers each in 2 locations, one with good drainage and one with poor drainage]
Method 1, Place 100cm³ of dry soil in a funnel and place a beaker containing 200ml of water as a weight for 5 minutes.
2, Pour 100ml of water and wait for 30 seconds until it stops flowing.
3, Measure the difference between 100ml and the amount of water that came out, and use it as the amount of water absorbed.
4, Perform steps 1 to 3 for all six samples.
Result
Place with good drainage 1st layer:34ml, 2st layer:32ml, 3st layer:34ml
Place with poor drainage 1st layer:34ml, 2layer:40ml, 3st layer:Not measured
Experiment 2:Water retention
Material Funnel, Beaker, Graduated cylinder, Soil of the ground [6 types in total, 3 layers each in 2 locations, one with good drainage and one with poor drainage]
Method 1, Place 100cm³ of moist soil in a funnel and place a beaker containing 200ml of water as a weight for 5 minutes.
2, Pour 100ml of water and wait for 30 seconds until it stops flowing.
3, Measure the difference between 100ml and the amount of water that came out, and use it as the amount of water absorbed.
4, Perform steps 1 to 3 for all six samples.
Result
Not measurable
Experiment 3:Drainage properties
Material Funnel, Beaker, Timer, Soil of the ground [6 types in total, 3 layers each in 2 locations, one with good drainage and one with poor drainage]
Method 1, Place 100cm³ of dry soil in a funnel and place a beaker containing 200ml of water as a weight for 5 minutes.
2, Pour 100ml of water and wait for 30 seconds until it stops flowing.
3, Measure the time from when water is added until it stops coming out.
4, Perform steps 1 to 3 for all six samples.
Result
Place with good drainage 1st layer:21 minutes 11 seconds, 2st layer:12 minutes 03 seconds, 3st layer:3 hours 12 minutes 00 seconds
Place with poor drainage 1st layer:53 minutes 08 seconds, 2st layer:25 minutes 52 seconds, 3st layer:Not measured
Consideration
Values vary depending on the layer even in the same place. - The type of soil is different for each layer.
The two places where soil was collected became ground at the same time. - The type of soil in the two places is the same.
The slope of the ground also affects drainage.
Reasons why water retention could not be measured
This may be related to the fact that the particles become finer when the soil is soaked with water.
The force of adding water may have caused the soil to float, creating layers depending on where the grains were placed.
The soil condition when measuring water retention is similar to soil with poor drainage. - Improving water retention measurement methods may lead to improved drainage.
Future outlook
・Improving water retention measurement methods.
・Research the type of soil used for the ground.
・Research the slope of the ground.
・Observe the soil.
References
・Ito A, Kuroki M, Kosukegawa S, Saga T, Sato K, Suzuki A [ Yuri High School ] Tuti to syokubutu no kannkeisei
・Sekiguti T [ Minamiturumaki Elementary School CST Training assignment report ] koutei ga, naze nukarumunoka ?
・[ Youkoso kousienn he ] Kousienn no guraunndo no tuti ha naze kuroi ? Naze tennnensiba nano ? Utukusii konntorasuto no himitu