11:30 AM - 12:30 PM
[5-1130-P-30] Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Poultry Farming Systems for a Broiler Meat Production and an Egg Production in Japan using a Life Cycle Assessment
Keywords:broiler production, layer, egg production, LCA
The increase of greenhouse gas is a cause of global warming, and the possible contributing to cause climate change locally and globally. The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is an issue to be solved worldwide. In Japan, the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions was 26% by 2030 comparison with 2013. In 2015, agriculture contributed 34.8 Mt-CO2e (2.5%) of Japan’s greenhouse gas emissions. Contributions for greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture are from livestock, soil and manure sources (methane and nitrous oxide). Furthermore, CO2 emission from energy and material use at agricultural practices was contributed environmental impact. Furthermore, CO2 emission from energy and material used at agricultural practices is contributed to environmental impact. Therefore, the evaluation of environmental aspects of agricultural production systems by life cycle thinking was required to reveal direct impacts as well as indirect impacts for considering mitigation measures. Several studies have been reported GHG emissions from beef production systems and pork production systems by the LCA in Japan. However, life cycle GHG emissions from broiler meat production systems and egg production systems have not been reported. The aim of this study was to assess life cycle GHG emissions from poultry farming systems of a broiler meat production system and an egg production system.
The system boundary and process model of poultry farming system of broiler meat and egg production include the feed production process, livestock management process and manure treatment process. The functional unit was defined as 1 kg of broiler meat and 1kg of an egg at the evaluation of broiler meat and egg production system respectively.
The amount of agricultural material consumption data of the process model of the poultry farming system for life cycle inventory analysis were collected from statistical based data and reports. Most of the background data, such as GHG emission from fuel combustion and indirect GHG emission at agricultural materials, for inventory analysis were used the values from the database of the IDEA ver.2.2, which mostly represents Japanese production. The indirect GHG emissions associated with animal husbandry equipment, machinery, and poultry houses production processes were excluded from the system boundary. The GHG emissions were evaluated using GWP100 (CO2:1, CH4:34, N2O: 298). The objective broiler production system utilized three of the two-story windowless poultry house and handled 4000 hundred birds (broilers) annually. The egg production system used two of windowless poultry house with two steps floor type for handled 630 hundred birds (layers) and produced 1100t eggs annually. The GHG emissions from the broiler meat production system was estimated to 3.12 [kg-CO2e/kg-broiler meat]. The GHG emissions from the feed production process, fuel consumption of warming at the poultry management process and the manure treatment process were contributed to total GHG emissions from broiler meat production systems. The GHG emissions from the egg production system was 2.86 [kg-CO2e/kg-egg]. The processes contributed to GHG emissions from egg production systems were the feed production process and the manure treatment process.
The system boundary and process model of poultry farming system of broiler meat and egg production include the feed production process, livestock management process and manure treatment process. The functional unit was defined as 1 kg of broiler meat and 1kg of an egg at the evaluation of broiler meat and egg production system respectively.
The amount of agricultural material consumption data of the process model of the poultry farming system for life cycle inventory analysis were collected from statistical based data and reports. Most of the background data, such as GHG emission from fuel combustion and indirect GHG emission at agricultural materials, for inventory analysis were used the values from the database of the IDEA ver.2.2, which mostly represents Japanese production. The indirect GHG emissions associated with animal husbandry equipment, machinery, and poultry houses production processes were excluded from the system boundary. The GHG emissions were evaluated using GWP100 (CO2:1, CH4:34, N2O: 298). The objective broiler production system utilized three of the two-story windowless poultry house and handled 4000 hundred birds (broilers) annually. The egg production system used two of windowless poultry house with two steps floor type for handled 630 hundred birds (layers) and produced 1100t eggs annually. The GHG emissions from the broiler meat production system was estimated to 3.12 [kg-CO2e/kg-broiler meat]. The GHG emissions from the feed production process, fuel consumption of warming at the poultry management process and the manure treatment process were contributed to total GHG emissions from broiler meat production systems. The GHG emissions from the egg production system was 2.86 [kg-CO2e/kg-egg]. The processes contributed to GHG emissions from egg production systems were the feed production process and the manure treatment process.