日本地球惑星科学連合2014年大会

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セッション記号 U (ユニオン) » ユニオン

[U-05_30PO1] 生命-水-鉱物-大気相互作用

2014年4月30日(水) 18:15 〜 19:30 3階ポスター会場 (3F)

コンビーナ:*大竹 翼(北海道大学大学院工学研究院 環境循環システム部門)、鈴木 庸平(東京大学大学院理学系研究科)、白石 史人(広島大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星システム学専攻)、高井 研(海洋研究開発機構極限環境生物圏研究センター)、上野 雄一郎(東京工業大学大学院地球惑星科学専攻)、長沼 毅(広島大学大学院生物圏科学研究科)、掛川 武(東北大学大学院理学研究科地学専攻)、横山 正(大阪大学大学院理学研究科宇宙地球科学専攻)、中村 謙太郎(独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構 (JAMSTEC) システム地球ラボ プレカンブリアンエコシステムラボユニット)

18:15 〜 19:30

[U05-P17] 準安定な鉄水酸化物への様々な陰イオンの吸着とその後の挙動

*小玉 立1岡橋 東子1山本 崇人1佐藤 努1大竹 翼1米田 哲朗1 (1.北海道大学大学院工学院環境循環システム専攻環境地質学研究室)

Pollution by dissolved anions has been a pertinent environmental concern in many areas around the world. For example, acid mine drainage from abandoned mines and contaminated waters resulting from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident emphasize the importance of predicting the behavior of the dissolved trace elements on Earth’s surface environments. Iron minerals may play a potentially important role in the control of dissolved trace elements in the environment. In particular, poorly crystalline iron minerals exhibit excellent adsorption capacities for toxic anions due to their high specific surface areas and reactivity. In order to evaluate the potential of poorly crystalline iron minerals as stable sinks of dissolved hazardous ions, it is necessary to investigate the adsorption mechanism on these minerals and their post-adsorption behaviors.
Adsorption experiments using arsenate, phosphate, chromate, sulfate, selenate, fluoride, and chloride were performed to investigate the selectivity of Schwertmannite and Ferrihydrite for various anions. Adsorption selectivity decreases in the following order: H2AsO4-›H2PO4-›HCrO4-›SeO42-≒SO42-≫F-≒Cl- . Schwertmannite and Ferrihydrite didn’t have an ability to adsorb F- and Cl-.The adsorption mechanism of these anions was investigated using zeta potential measurements. The results indicated that H2AsO4-, H2PO4- and HCrO4- formed inner-sphere complexes while SeO42- and SO42- formed outer-sphere complexes. The adsorption mechanism of these anions to both Scwertmannite and Ferrihydrite is generally similar, except in the case of HCrO4-.
Accelerated alteration experiments were performed to observe post-adsorption behaviors of Schwertmannite and Ferrihydrite. Oriented specimens loaded with varying amounts of adsorbed anions were aged under saturated water vapor pressure conditions at 50℃ for 30 days and analyzed by XRD. Results show that larger amounts of adsorbed anions delay the transformation of Schwertmannite and Ferrihydrite into more stable phases, indicating that adsorption of anions, particularly as inner-sphere complexes, stabilizes poorly crystalline iron minerals.
These results show that poorly crystalline iron minerals are capable of taking up a range of toxic anions from contaminated waters and that the stability of these minerals will be affected by the amount of anions sorbed on the surface. These suggest that poorly crystalline iron minerals may serve as stable, long-term sinks for toxic anions.