*C ian SCHIPPER¹、VOYER, Marion LE²、Yves MOUSSALLAM³、James d.l. WHITE⁴、Sveinn p JAKOBSSON⁵、Jun-ichi KIMURA⁶、Qing CHANG⁶ (1.SGEES, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand、2.Carnegie Institute, USA、3.ISTO-CNRS l'Universite d'Orleans, France、4.Geology Department, University of Otago, New Zealand、5.Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Iceland、6.IFREE - JAMSTEC, Japan)