Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2015

Presentation information

Oral

Symbol A (Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences) » A-CG Complex & General

[A-CG30] Material circulations in Terrestrial Ecosystem: Water, Carbon and Nitrogen etc.

Mon. May 25, 2015 4:15 PM - 5:00 PM 301B (3F)

Convener:*Tomomichi Kato(Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University), Takashi Hirano(Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University), Hisashi Sato(Department of Environmental Geochemical Cycle Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)), Ryuichi Hirata(National Institute for Environmental Studies), Chair:Ryuichi Hirata(National Institute for Environmental Studies)

4:15 PM - 4:30 PM

[ACG30-19] Variability in aboveground woody biomass in miombo woodland under fire disturbances

*Makoto SAITO1, Sebastiaan Luyssaert2, Benjamin Poulter3, Mathew Williams4, Philippe Ciais2, Valentin Bellassen5, Casey Ryan4, Chao Yue2, Patricia Cadule2, Philippe Peylin2 (1.NIES, 2.LSCE, 3.Montana State University, 4.University of Edinburgh, 5.INRA Dijon)

Keywords:savanna, miombo, fire, aboveground woody biomass

Miombo woodland is a savanna that spreads extensively over Africa, but it subjects to frequent fires (fire return intervals of 1-3 years) that are probably caused by human activities, such as cultivation, deforestation, and fuel wood collection. These activities result in degradation of miombo woodland. The degradation of large areas of miombo woodland involves the risks of rapid change in the current stable state of ecosystems to an alternative state and of increasing fire frequency and intensity. This study combined a process-based ecosystem model ORCHIDEE-FM with a fire regime model SPITFIRE to quantify the relative importance of fire regime and climate change in regulating aboveground woody biomass in miombo woodland under current and near-future climate conditions. The model was developed based on observations of resprouting and tree topkill rates in individual tree size classes for varying fire intensity. The model demonstrated that fire has a large impact on aboveground woody biomass and vegetation structure in miombo woodland. Aboveground woody biomass in miombo woodland significantly varies with fire regime with fire intensity and fire return interval. A shorter fire return interval and higher fire intensity results in a greater reduction of aboveground woody biomass by reducing the mean tree size. Although fire return interval in miombo woodland depends on human activities, fire intensity depends on the amount of grass fuel and on the season. For the current fire regime in miombo woodland, adaptive fire management is necessary to maintain today's aboveground woody biomass by controlling moderate fire intensity and frequency under current climate conditions. Under near-future climate with elevated CO2 concentration and warmer climate, miombo woodland is perhaps more tolerant of fire disturbances by increase in the resprouting capacity and growth rate of woody plants.