[P-PS23] 月の科学と探査

★ [PPS23-22] 月の磁気異常とダイナモ, 極移動

*高橋 太¹、綱川 秀夫²、清水 久芳³、渋谷 秀敏⁴、松島 政貴² (1.九州大学理学研究院地球惑星科学部門、2.東京工業大学大学院理工学研究科地球惑星科学専攻、3.東京大学地震研究所、4.熊本大学大学院自然科学研究科)

キーワード：磁気異常, ダイナモ, コア, 極移動

Applying the latest advanced paleomagnetic technique to the Apollo samples, it is now well established that the Moon once had an ancient core dynamo operated from 4.2 to 3.56 billion years ago, or even younger age. Because these results are based on paleointensity retrieved from unoriented samples, any directional information cannot be obtained. Instead, we focus on the magnetic anomalies on the Moon. Since the magnetization of the lunar crust in the magnetic anomalies could be records of an early core dynamo of the Moon, the magnetic anomalies may yield directional information of the lunar paleomagnetic field. Here we present results of our global survey of magnetic anomalies on the lunar surface using magnetometer data acquired by the Lunar Prospector and Kaguya spacecraft. Using an iterative inversion method, we extract magnetization vectors from well-isolated magnetic anomalies and derive the positions of paleomagnetic poles. We find two distinct clusters of the resultant paleomagnetic poles: one near the present rotation axis and the other at mid-latitude (Takahashi et al., 2014). The result is consistent with a dipole-dominated lunar magnetic field generated by a core dynamo that was reversing the polarity. It is also implied that the Moon experienced a polar wander event. Additional inversion results for well-isolated central magnetic anomalies based on the surface vector mapping method (Tsunakawa et al., 2014) suggest existence of the third cluster of the lunar magnetic pole.

References
Takahashi, F., H. Tsunakawa, H. Shimizu, H. Shibuya, and M. Matsushima (2014), Reorientation of the early lunar pole, Nature Geosci., 7, 409-412, doi:10.1038/ngeo2150.
Tsunakawa, H., H. Shibuya, F. Takahashi, H. Shimizu, and M. Matsushima (2014), Regional mapping of the lunar magnetic anomalies at the surface: Method and its application to strong and weak magnetic anomaly regions, Icarus, 228, 35-53, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.09.026.