日本地球惑星科学連合2015年大会

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セッション記号 B (地球生命科学) » B-CG 地球生命科学複合領域・一般

[B-CG28] 生命-水-鉱物-大気相互作用

2015年5月26日(火) 16:15 〜 18:00 105 (1F)

コンビーナ:*白石 史人(広島大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星システム学専攻)、大竹 翼(北海道大学大学院工学研究院 環境循環システム部門)、鈴木 庸平(東京大学大学院理学系研究科)、高井 研(海洋研究開発機構極限環境生物圏研究センター)、上野 雄一郎(東京工業大学大学院地球惑星科学専攻)、長沼 毅(広島大学大学院生物圏科学研究科)、掛川 武(東北大学大学院理学研究科地学専攻)、横山 正(大阪大学大学院理学研究科宇宙地球科学専攻)、中村 謙太郎(独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構 (JAMSTEC) システム地球ラボ プレカンブリアンエコシステムラボユニット)、座長:鈴木 庸平(東京大学大学院理学系研究科)、大竹 翼(北海道大学大学院工学研究院 環境循環システム部門)

17:57 〜 18:00

[BCG28-P13] 南アフリカJosefsdal周辺に産するフィグツリー層群下部層の地質学的・地球化学的研究

ポスター講演3分口頭発表枠

*秋廣 尚斗1掛川 武1 (1.東北大学大学院理学研究科地学専攻)

キーワード:炭素質堆積岩, 熱水作用, バーバートン緑色岩帯, フィグツリー層群

Understanding extent of Archean bisophere and conditions of surface environments is important subject to understand evolution of the Earth. Accumulating more geological and geochemical data on Archean sedimentary rocks is necessary to approach the above problem. Therefore, geological and geochemical studies are performed on Fig Tree Group (〜3.2 Ga) and Ovcerwacht Group (〜3.4 Ga) in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa in the present study. The objectives of this study were (1) to survey lower-Fig Tree Group and upper-Onverwacht Group, which were not described in previous literatures and (2) to constrain paragenesis of minerals, including sulfides, in the sediments, and (3) to investigate the carbonaceous matter (CM) in the black chert in the Fig Tree Group using the raman geothermometer of Beyssac et al (2002) and to discuss microbial ecosystem through stable carbon isotopic compositions (δ13C).
Result of the outcrop survey revealed that our research areas correspond to stratigraphy to that of Hoffman (2005), who studied area in the Fig Tree Group in the BGB. Mineralogical investigations showed that Ni-rich sulfide minerals were abundant and some of them were chemically zoned in the black chert. These observations suggest that represent carbonaceous sediments in the lower-Fig Tree Group were silicified by later hydrothermal fluids which contain abundant Ni, most likely coming from ultramafic rocks. Using the raman geothermometer, the peak temperature about CM in the black chert in the Fig Tree Group is estimated to be approximately lower than 330±50℃, suggesting very low metamorphic grade (lower green schist).
Additionally, δ13C values of the examined samples in the Fig Tree Group ranged from -28.9‰ to -23.2 ‰. Carbon isotope compositions of Onverwacht Group samples are ranged from -30.63 ‰ to -26.5 ‰ (PDB), which is within a range of organic matter produced by Calvin cycle using atmospheric CO2, such as cyanobacteria.