Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2015

Presentation information

Oral

Symbol S (Solid Earth Sciences) » S-CG Complex & General

[S-CG57] Structure, evolution and dynamics of mobile belts

Wed. May 27, 2015 4:15 PM - 6:00 PM A06 (APA HOTEL&RESORT TOKYO BAY MAKUHARI)

Convener:*Toru Takeshita(Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University), Hiroshi Sato(Earthquake Prediction Research Center, Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo), Koichiro Obana(Research and Development Center for Earthquake and Tsunami, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology), Takuya NISHIMURA(Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University), Yukitoshi Fukahata(Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University), Aitaro Kato(Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University), Jun Muto(Department of Earth Sciences, Tohoku University), Katsushi Sato(Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University), Shuichi Kodaira(Institute for Research on Earth Evolution Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology), Takeshi Sagiya(Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Nagoya University), Tatsuya Ishiyama(Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo), Makoto MATSUBARA(National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention), Yasutaka Ikeda(Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo), Chair:Bunichiro Shibazaki(International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Building Research Institute)

5:36 PM - 5:39 PM

[SCG57-P28] Characteristics of island arc deformation due to steady plate subduction

3-min talk in an oral session

*Yukitoshi FUKAHATA1, Mitsuhiro MATSU'URA2 (1.Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, 2.Institute of Statistical Mathematics)

Keywords:island arc, crustal deformation, viscoelasticity, gravity anomaly

Steady plate subduction elastically brings about permanent lithospheric deformation in island arcs, though this effect has been neglected in most studies based on dislocation theory. We investigate the characteristics of the permanent lithospheric deformation using a kinematic model, in which steady slip motion is given along a plate interface in the elastic lithosphere overlying the viscoelastic asthenosphere under gravity. As a rule of thumb, long-term lithospheric deformation can be understood as a bending of an elastic plate floating on non-viscous fluid, because the asthenosphere behaves like water in a long term. The steady slip below the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary does not contribute to long-term lithospheric deformation. Hence, the key parameters that control the lithospheric deformation are only the thickness of the lithosphere and the geometry of the plate interface. Slip on a plate interface generally causes substantial vertical displacement, and the gravity always tries to retrieve the original gravitational equilibrium. For a curved plate interface gravity causes upward bending of the island arc lithosphere, while for a planar plate interface gravity causes downward bending. Larger curvature and thicker lithosphere generally causes larger deformation. When the curvature changes along the plate interface, internal deformation is also involved intrinsically, which modifies the deformation field due to gravity. Because the plate interface generally has some curvature, at least near the trench, upward bending of the island arc lithosphere, which involves uplift of island arc and subsidence around the trench, is always realized. On the other hand, the deformation field of the island arc lithosphere sensitively depends on lithospheric thickness and plate interface geometry. These characteristics obtained by the numerical simulation are well consistent with observed topography and free-air gravity anomalies in subduction zones, where a pair of topography and gravity anomaly, high in the arc and low around the trench, exists without exceptions all over the world, while there are large variety in the amplitude and horizontal scale.