Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2015

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Symbol B (Biogeosciences) » B-GM Geomicrobiology

[B-GM22] Microbial ecology in earth and planetary sciences

Tue. May 26, 2015 11:00 AM - 11:45 AM 105 (1F)

Convener:*Michinari Sunamura(University of Tokyo Dept. of Earth & Planetary Science), Ken Takai(Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology), Keisuke Koba(Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology), Natsuko Hamamura(Ehime University), Chair:Takuro Nunoura(Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC)), Michinari Sunamura(University of Tokyo)

11:30 AM - 11:45 AM

[BGM22-09] Ecological and mineralogical characteristics of Fe-oxidizing microbial communities in a shallow hydrothermal mound

*Tatsuhiko HOSHINO1, Takashi KURATOMI2, Tomoyuki HORI3, Hisashi OIWANE4, Yuki MORONO1, Fumio INAGAKI1, Shoichi KIYOKAWA2 (1.JAMSTEC, 2.Kyushu University, 3.AIST, 4.Mishima village office)

Keywords:Hydrothermal mound, Fe-oxidizing bacteria, microbial ecology

Microbial Fe-oxidation has been mainly studied at deep-sea hydrothermal vents because the low concentration of oxygen and high concentration of ferrous ion was preferable for Fe-oxidizing bacteria that have to compete with abiotic Fe-Oxidation. However, microbial Fe-oxidization in shallow, fully oxygenated environments has been still largely unknown. In this study, we aim to reveal the ecology and role for mound formation of Fe-oxidizing bacteria at iron oxyhydroxide-rich hydrothermal mounds developing in Nagahama Bay, Satsuma-Iwojima where we observed dense assembly of twisted stalks, typical signature of microbial Fe-oxidation. Core samples were taken from the iron oxyhydroxide-rish mound and used for sequencing and microscopic analysis. Microscopic observation indicated the highest occurrence of stalk structure was observed at around 20 cm from the surface. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene of prokaryotic communities (>100,000 reads/sample) revealed that Anaerolineae known as obligately anaerobic heterotroph was highly dominated at ~40% throughout all depths down to 40 cm from the surface of the mound, inferring anaerobic circumstances in the sediment. We also found Fe-oxidizing Zetaproteobacteria in all depths and its population was determined to be up to 4%. Network analysis of microbial communities revealed that appearance of the Zetaproteobacteria coincided with some anaerobic sulfur reducing bacteria, indicating that the Zetaproteobacteira lived in ecological niche of oxic-anoxic interface in the mounds. Seismic data indicated that those mounds grow ~ 1cm/yr which is much faster than the abiotic deposition occurring at the surrounding diffuse hydrothermal venting seafloor. Overall, our results indicated that Zetaproteobacteria may accelerate deposition of Fe species in hydrothermal fluid and formation of iron oxyhydroxide-rich mounds in the Nagahama-bay, Satsuma-Iwojima.