Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2015

Presentation information

Oral

Symbol S (Solid Earth Sciences) » S-CG Complex & General

[S-CG65] 20th anniversary of the Kobe earthquake: Progress in the studies of active faults and strong motion

Tue. May 26, 2015 11:00 AM - 12:45 PM A04 (APA HOTEL&RESORT TOKYO BAY MAKUHARI)

Convener:*Hisashi Nakahara(Solid Earth Physics Laboratory, Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University), Haruo Horikawa(Active Fault and Earthquake Research Center, National Institute for Advanced Science and Technology), Tadashi Maruyama(Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology), Chair:Hiroe Miyake(Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo), Hisashi Nakahara(Solid Earth Physics Laboratory, Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University)

11:00 AM - 11:25 AM

[SCG65-07] Progress in ground motion prediction

*Haruko SEKIGUCHI1 (1.DPRI, Kyoto Univ.)

Keywords:ground motion prediction, source model, velocity structure, asperity

Methodologies of ground motion prediction have developed rapidly during the last few decades incorporating the knowledge obtained through analysis of destructive earthquakes and taking advantage of progress in computers. The progress was highly accelerated thanks to the dens strong motion observation networks installed after the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake.
In the modeling of source processes for anticipated earthquakes, as the patch asperities successfully explained the directivity pulses in downtown Kobe for the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (Kamae and Irikura, 1998), the asperity-based model has been the mainstream in Japan. The way to decide properties of asperities has been pursued by developing scaling relations for asperities estimated for observed earthquakes. The way to adequately locate asperities has been sought for in the relation between slip at depth and displacement along the fault traces or in the relation between asperity and fault geometry. In addition to asperities, realistic smaller-scale heterogeneity in the distribution of source parameters is considered to fill the deficiency of the wave excitation of asperity model and to moderate the forward directivity effect.
Underground velocity structure model with 3-dimensional variation like the Osaka basin model by Kagawa et al. (1993) was very rare before the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake. Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake made us realize not only the difference in medium physical property but also the topography of the soft-hard boundary of the sedimentary-basin floor had great effect on the ground motion. This fact promoted the surveys and modeling of the velocity structure of large basins. Moreover, we have seen at every destructive earthquake that various aspects of the underground structure can cause locally large ground motions.
I am going to review how the methodology developed with our experience of destructive earthquakes and discuss whether we have successfully solved each problems.