*Pavel Groisman^1,2,3、Garik Gutman⁴、Sergey Gulev²、Shamil Maksyutov⁵、Jiaguo Qi⁶ (1.University Corp. for Atmospheric Research Project Scientist at NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Asheville, North Carolina, USA、2.P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS, Moscow, Russia、3.Hydrology Science and Services Corporation, Asheville, North Carolina, USA、4.NASA Headquarters, Washington, District Columbia, USA、5.National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan、6.Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA)