Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2016

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International Session (Poster)

Symbol P (Space and Planetary Sciences) » P-CG Complex & General

[P-CG10] Small Solar System Bodies: General and Mars Satellite Sample Return Mission

Sun. May 22, 2016 5:15 PM - 6:30 PM Poster Hall (International Exhibition Hall HALL6)

Convener:*Taishi Nakamoto(Tokyo Institute of Technology), Kiyoshi Kuramoto(Department of Cosmosciences, Graduate School of Sciences, Hokkaido University), Sei-ichiro WATANABE(Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University), MASATERU ISHIGURO(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University), Masahiko Arakawa(Graduate School of Science, Kobe University), Masanao Abe(Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), Tomoko Arai(Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology), Sho Sasaki(Department of Earth and Space Sciences, School of Science, Osaka University)

5:15 PM - 6:30 PM

[PCG10-P01] Development of near- and mid-infrared imaging spectrometers for the Martian moon’s sample return mission and next generation space projects

*Takeshi Sakanoi1, Takahiro Iwata2, Tomoki Nakamura4, Yasumasa Kasaba4, Makoto Taguchi5, Hiromu Nakagawa4, Masato Kagitani1, Atsushi Yamazaki2, Shohei Aoki3, Takao M. Sato2 (1.Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 2.JAXA, ISAS, 3.Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF, 4.Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 5.College of Sicence, Rikkyo University)

Keywords:Mars, MMX, near-infrared spectrometer

We report the current design of near-infrared spectrometer for the MMX (Mars Moon eXploration) mission, and also discuss near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy for next generation space projects with advanced imaging technology. MMX spacecraft is scheduled to be launched in the early 2020s, orbits Phobos and Deimos, and returns samples from Phobos back to Earth in the late 2020s. Near-infrared spectroscopy is useful to understand the material distribution on Martian moons (e.g., hydroxide minerals at 2.7 – 2.8 um, hydrated minerals at 3.0 – 3.2 um, and organics at 3.4 – 3.4 um) and dynamics in Martian atmosphere (e.g. H2O at 2.5 – 2.65 um, and pressure with CO2 absorption at 1.2 – 2.2 um). We proposed a near-infrared spectrometer NIRS4 for the MMX mission to carry out the near-infrared spectroscopic measurement of the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos and Martian atmosphere. NIRS4 is based on the NIRS3 on the Hayabusa-2 spacecraft, which has a fast optics (F-number 1.4) with a long slit corresponds to a wide field-of-view (FOV) of 14.6 x 0.03 deg. NIRS4 covers the target area of 26 km length with 100 m spatial resolution looking from 100 km altitude. It also achieves 20 m and 1 m spatial resolution, respectively, from altitudes of 20 km and 1km. A grism is put in the collimating optics, and its wavelength resolution is ~ 1.5 to 3 nm (R~650 to 1000). A 2D HgCdTe array (640 x 512 pixel, pixel size 15 x 15 microns, sensitivity range 1 – 3.8 microns) is used as a detector. The detector and optical system are cooled down below 90 K and 190 K with a Stirling cooler to reduce thermal noise. As an order sorter of dispersion light, we put 1– 1.9 um (1st order) filter on a half part of the slit, and 1.9 – 3.8 um (2nd order) filter on the other half of the slit. In this way, a half FOV (7.3 x 0.03 deg) with wavelength range of 1 – 1.9 um is focused on a half side of 2D detector (640 x 256 pixel area), and the other half FOV with wavelength of 1.9 – 3.8 um is focused on the other half of the detector. The calibration lamp is used to determine the absolute wavelength. An optical chopping system which periodically interrupts an incident light to determine the background level precisely and to gain the signal-to-noise ratio.