Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2016

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International Session (Oral)

Symbol S (Solid Earth Sciences) » S-SS Seismology

[S-SS01] Earthquake early warning developments around the world

Sun. May 22, 2016 10:45 AM - 12:15 PM 106 (1F)

Convener:*Fumiko Tajima(University of California at Irvine), Masumi Yamada(Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University), Hellweg Margaret(Berkeley Seismological Lab), Richard Allen(University of California Berkeley), Mitsuyuki Hoshiba(Meteorological Research Institute), Douglas Given(USGS Pasadena Field Office), Chair:Masumi Yamada(Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University), Douglas D Given(USGS Pasadena Field Office), Richard M Allen(University of California Berkeley)

11:45 AM - 12:00 PM

[SSS01-11] Near-field tsunami forecast system based on near real-time seismic moment tensor estimation in the regions of Indonesia, the Philippines, and Chile

*Daisuke Inazu1, Nelson Pulido2, Eiichi Fukuyama2, Tatsuhiko Saito2, Jouji Senda2, Hiroyuki Kumagai3 (1.UTokyo Ocean Alliance, The University of Tokyo, 2.National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, 3.Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University)

Keywords:tsunami forecast, seismic centroid moment tensor, forecast accuracy, forecast uncertainty

We have developed a near-field tsunami forecast system based on an automatic centroid moment tensor (CMT) estimation using regional broadband seismic observation networks in the regions of Indonesia, the Philippines, and Chile. The automatic procedure of the CMT estimation has been implemented to work for tsunamigenic earthquakes. A tsunami propagation simulation model is used for the forecast and hindcast. A rectangular fault model based on the estimated CMT is employed to figure the initial condition of the tsunami height. The forecast system considers uncertainties due to two possible fault planes and two possible scaling laws, and shows four possible scenarios with the uncertainties for each estimated CMT. The system requires approximately 15 minutes to estimate the CMT after earthquake occurrence, and approximately another 15 minutes to make tsunami forecast results available, including the maximum tsunami height and its arrival time at the epicentral region and near-field coasts. The retrospectively forecasted tsunamis were evaluated by the deep-sea pressure and tide gauge observations, for the eight past tsunamis (Mw7.5-8.6) that occurred around the regional seismic networks. The forecasts were shown to range from half to double the amplitudes of the deep-sea pressure observations, and range mostly in the same order of magnitude of the maximum heights of the tide gauge observations. It was found that the forecast uncertainties become larger for greater earthquakes because the tsunami source is no longer approximated as a point source for greater earthquakes (e.g., Mw>8). The forecast results for the coasts nearest to the epicenter should be carefully used because the coasts often experience the highest tsunami with the shortest arrival time (e.g., <30 minutes).