*Vigan Mensah¹, Kay I. Ohshima¹, Takuya Nakanowatari², Stephen Riser³ (1.Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, 2.National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan, 3.School of Oceanography, University of Washington, USA)

*Yusuke Kawaguchi ¹, Taku Wagawa ², Yosuke Igeta ² (1.Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo , 2.Japan Sea National Fisheries Research Institute, Japan Fisheries and Education Agency )

*Motoyoshi Ikeda¹ (1.Hokkaido University)

*Yoshimi Kawai¹ (1.Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology)

*Kitade Yujiro¹, Kohei Mizobata¹, Keishi Shimada¹ (1.Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology)

*Kazuki Togawa¹, Akira Oka¹ (1.Tokyo Univ. Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute)