[S-EM16] 電気伝導度・地殻活動電磁気学

[SEM16-02] 霧島硫黄山の三次元比抵抗構造と2013年ごろからの火山活動について

*塚本 果織¹、相澤 広記²、千葉 慶太²、神田 径³、上嶋 誠⁴、小山 崇夫⁴、宇津木 充⁵、関 香織⁶、木下 貴裕⁶、手操 佳子²、村松 弾¹、Agnis Triahadini¹、湯淺 雄平¹、岩佐 優一¹、林田 祐人¹、Alutsyah Luthfian¹ (1.九州大学大学院理学府地球惑星科学専攻、2.九州大学大学院理学研究院所属・地震火山観測研究センター、3.東京工業大学理学院火山流体研究センター、4.東京大学地震研究所、5.京都大学大学院理学研究科付属地球熱学研究施設火山研究センター、6.東京工業大学理学院地球惑星科学系)

In Iwo-yama, Kirishima volcanoes, some anomalous phenomena have observed since 2013 (e.g. increase of earthquakes since 2013, occasional volcanic tremors since 2014, appearance of fumaroles, ground inflation since 2015, and small eruption in 2017), and all suggest volcanic unrest. In this study, we combined the high-resolution 3-D resistivity structure by broadband magnetotelluric (MT) survey with precise hypocenter relocation. MT data were collected in 2015, 2016 and 2017 around Iwo-yama, and the MT response functions (0.002~3000 s) of total 43 sites were estimated. To relocate hypocenters, we employed the double difference method (Waldhauser and Ellsworth, 2000) by using the velocity structure from active seismic survey (Tomatsu et al., 1997). The result shows that the shallow earthquakes (at a depth of 1 km to 3 km) occur beneath an electrically conductive layer (at a depth of -0.8 km to 1 km) that is interpreted as a hydrothermally altered clay-dominated layer. Moreover pressure source detected by precise leveling survey (Morita et al., JpGU 2018) is also located on the base of this conductive layer. It means that volcanic fluids capped beneath the low-permeable clay layer triggered the earthquakes and ground deformation since 2013. Probably, this is the first study that the location of a clay layer corresponds to hypocenters not only in the vertical direction but also in horizontal direction. So we suggest that the cap structure of electric conductive clay layer controls the entire shallow volcanic activity in Iwo-yama.

Acknowledgement
This work was supported by MEXT "Integrated Program for Next Generation Volcano Research and Human Resource Development", and "Program for Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research". The MT equipments were used by Joint Usage Program in Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo.