Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2019

Presentation information

[J] Poster

A (Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences ) » A-AS Atmospheric Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Environment

[A-AS04] Atmospheric Chemistry

Thu. May 30, 2019 1:45 PM - 3:15 PM Poster Hall (International Exhibition Hall8, Makuhari Messe)

convener:Tomoki Nakayama(Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University), Yoko Iwamoto(Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University), Sakae Toyoda(Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology), Nawo Eguchi(Kyushu University)

[AAS04-P25] Comprehensive monitoring project of greenhouse gases and air pollutants around Jakarta megacity in Indonesia

*Masahide Nishihashi1, Hitoshi Mukai1, Yukio Terao1, Shigeru Hashimoto1, Rizaldi Boer2, Muhammad Ardiansyah2, Bregas Budianto2, Gito Sugih Immanuel2, Adi Rakhman2, Rudi Nugroho3, Nawa Suwedi3, Agus Rifai3, Iif Miftahul Ihsan3, Anies Marufatin3, Albert Sulaiman3, Dodo Gunawan4, Eka Suharguniyawan4, Asep Firman Ilahi4, Muharam Syam Nugraha4, Ronald Christian Wattimena4, Bayu Feriaji4, Thomas Lauvaux5, Tomohiro Oda6 (1.National Institute for Environmental Studies, 2.Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Indonesia, 3.Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Indonesia, 4.Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), Indonesia, 5.Laboratory for Sciences of Climate and Environment (LSCE), France, 6.Universities Space Research Association/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA)

Keywords:greenhouse gases, air pollutants, urban monitoring, Indonesia

The emission increases of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollutants in megacities have been recognized as one of the important issues as a concern for health and climate change. Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, including suburban cities (Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi; locally known as “Jabodetabek”), has a population of 32 million people and has been listed as the second largest megacity in the world and the largest megacity in Southeast Asia. Several air quality monitoring campaigns were conducted in Jakarta. However, previous studies lacked continuous high-accuracy monitoring stations due to the limitations of environmental monitoring budgets and experts. We present here a new interdisciplinary project to expand our current understanding of the interactions between emissions, air quality, and regional/global climates.
To estimate the amount of anthropogenic emissions from Jakarta megacity and compare with city activities, we developed a ground-based comprehensive monitoring system of GHGs and air pollutants controlled remotely in addition to automated start-and-stop operations during power failures. Monitoring systems were installed at Bogor (center of Bogor city), Serpong (Jakarta suburb), and Cibeureum (mountainous area) in 2016–2017. Each monitoring system consists of system control/data acquisition units controlling multiple instruments and collecting continuously and continuous monitoring instruments of CO2, CH4, CO, NOx, SO2, O3, aerosol concentrations (PM2.5, PM10, BC) and the chemical components (NO3-, SO42-) of PM2.5 and PM10, and meteorological parameters. Flask sampling of air is also performed automatically once a week to analyze N2O, SF6, and carbon isotopes (13C, 14C) in CO2 in NIES and to validate the continuous measurement data of CO2, CH4, and CO.
The results show that the daytime values of CO2, three hours averages from 12 to 15 local time, at Bogor and Serpong are 6.8 and 7.1 ppm higher than Cibeureum, respectively. These features are also presented in the other species, i.e., CO, NOx, SO2, PM2.5, PM10-2.5, and BC. Moreover, we found 5–10 ppm lower values of CO2 during daytime at Bogor and Serpong in December and January, mid-rainy season in Jakarta, compared with the other months and frequent and extremely high CH4 enhancements during nighttime (i.e., 3 to 5 ppm) at Serpong.
We present here the temporal variability observed at three monitoring sites and some preliminary results based on high-resolution CO2 simulations using Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to Chemistry (WRF-Chem).