日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会

講演情報

[J] ポスター発表

セッション記号 M (領域外・複数領域) » M-IS ジョイント

[M-IS14] 南大洋・南極氷床が駆動する全球気候変動

2019年5月27日(月) 17:15 〜 18:30 ポスター会場 (幕張メッセ国際展示場 8ホール)

コンビーナ:関 宰(北海道大学低温科学研究所)、岡 顕(東京大学大気海洋研究所)、植村 立(琉球大学 理学部)、真壁 竜介(国立極地研究所)

[MIS14-P01] 低塩の海氷融解水がアイスアルジーの生物量と組成に与える影響

*髙橋 啓伍1真壁 竜介2,3高尾 信太郎2,3小達 恒夫2,3茂木 正人1,2 (1.東京海洋大学、2.国立極地研究所、3.総合研究大学院大学)

キーワード:南大洋、アイスアルジー、植物プランクトン

Upon sea ice melting ice algae are subject to low salinity water, sometimes nearly freshwater, while sea ice produces a brine (high salinity). Certain taxa of ice algae, primarily diatom, increase in cell number after released in water column (seeding). Since lower salinity water deteriorates photosynthetic efficiency of ice algae, such a variability of salinity is likely to influence seeding of ice algae during melting season. However, it is not clear how biomass, abundance, composition and mortality of ice-algal community changes under different salinity conditions. To further understand the mechanism for seeding of ice algae, we conducted a shipboard experiment in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean during austral summer.

We collected pack ice and surface seawater in the ice edge (65º17.9’S, 109º40.9’E) on January 16th, 2019 during the 22nd Antarctic voyage by the training vessel Umitaka-maru. Sea ice was melted with different volume of filtered seawater (moderate salinity: 10.0 kg ice+90 L filtered sea water, FSW, low salinity: 8.6 kg ice+10 L FSW) to simulate different final salinity (moderate: 30.05, low: 18.00). We incubated the algal communities in seawater and two types of sea-ice melting water (moderate and low salinity conditions) under a natural light condition for 24 hours, with temperature maintained by a circulating surface seawater. Before and after the incubation, we obtained chlorophyll a concentration (bulk and size-fraction), Lugol-fixed samples for microscopic analysis and cell viability (live or dead).

After 24 hours, <10 µm size class of ice-algal communities in both moderate and low salinity conditions showed a significant difference in the ratio of chlorophyll a concentration (chl a fin. /chl a ini.) relative to the bulk and >10 µm size class (Tukey-Kramer test, Fig.). The ratio of chl a (mean±SD, n=3) in this size class was highest (moderate: 2.1±0.1, low: 1.8±0.2) among the samples. This suggests that algal community of <10 µm have an ability to acclimate to low salinity water. This study discussed the changes in species composition and abundance of the algal communities as well.