[P-EM16] 大気圏・電離圏

[PEM16-03] 極域熱圏風の加速領域の空間分布と二次元観測の重要性

*大山 伸一郎^1,2,3、Aikio Anita²、Conde Mark⁴、Vanhamaki Heikki²、Virtanen Ilkka²、Ulich Thomas⁵、Brandstrom Urban⁶、Verronen Pekka⁷、Andersson Monika⁷、Kalakoski Niilo⁷、Roininen Lassi⁸、Lasanen Sari⁸、Workayehu Abiyot²、塩川 和夫¹、徐 何秋岑¹、石井 守⁹、平原 聖文¹、坂野井 健¹⁰、鍵谷 将人¹⁰、Sorri Juha⁵、Teppo Tomi⁵、田中 良昌³、Fallen Christopher⁴、Watkins Brenton⁴、Orispaa Mikko⁵、小川 泰信³、Cai Lei¹¹、Turunen Esa⁵、Kauristie Kirsti⁷、津田 卓雄¹²、栗原 純一¹³ (1.名古屋大学宇宙地球環境研究所、2.University of Oulu、3.国立極地研究所、4.Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks、5.Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu、6.The Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF)、7.Finnish Meteorological Institute、8.Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology、9.情報通信研究機構、10.東北大学、11.KTH Royal Institute of Technology、12.電気通信大学、13.北海道大学)

キーワード：オーロラ、サブストーム、熱圏、電離圏

Understanding the flow of energy and mass throughout the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupled system is a fundamental goal of solar-terrestrial physics. Since substantial energy accumulated in the substorm growth phase in the magnetospheric tail flows into the polar ionosphere immediately after the substorm onset, investigating the energy dissipation process at high latitudes around the time of substorm onset can contribute significantly to achieving that objective. The energy dissipation generates acceleration and heating of the ionosphere and thermosphere, but this might occur not only near aurora but also far from it by hundreds kilometers equatorward. We analyzed ionospheric and thermospheric measurements in the northern Scandinavian area (65-80 N) during periods of considerably low geomagnetic activity but with some aurorae above Svalbard (75-80 N). Thermospheric winds measured with a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI; 630.0 nm) at Tromsø, Norway (69.6 N) showed westward accelerations coinciding with auroral brightening at the Svalbard area at the dusk sector though the relative distance from Tromsø to the aurora was 200-500 km in some cases. Moving into the dawn sector with the earth’s rotation, the acceleration direction turned to southeastward through stagnation area or period seen at magnetic local midnight. The acceleration pattern well represents thermospheric responses to the ionospheric convection, but of particular interest is its location, in which the thermospheric wind have been obtained at the sub-auroral region far from the main auroral oval. In this analysis, we cannot infer to horizontal patterns of the wind acceleration because we have only a point measurement from the Tromsø FPI. While this result suggests the importance of two-dimensional measurements of ionosphere and the thermosphere, we need a new configuration of the observation network to infer horizontal winds and accelerations. In this presentation, we will introduce “SDI-3D” project, which aims at developing 3 Scanning Doppler Imagers (SDIs) and deploying them at the same area as for the EISCAT_3D, which may start in operation in 2022.