[A-CG57] 北極域の科学

[ACG57-11] グリーンランド氷床上における衛星抽出積雪粒径の経年トレンド

*青木 輝夫^1,2、島田 利元³、堀 雅裕³、庭野 匡思²、谷川 朋範²、的場 澄人⁴、飯塚 芳徳⁴、藤田 耕史⁵ (1.国立極地研究所 国際北極環境研究センター、2.気象庁気象研究所、3.宇宙航空研究開発機構地球観測研究センター、4.北海道大学低温科学研究所、5.名古屋大学大学院環境学研究科)

キーワード：積雪粒径、グリーンランド氷床、アルベド、光吸収性不純物、北大西洋振動

Surface mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is ongoing after the middle of the 1990s. More recently, darkening (albedo reduction) of GrIS is observed from satellite remote sensing (Box et a., 2012). The surface albedo of snow depends on snow grain size and light-absorbing impurity (LAI) concentration in the snowpack (Wiscombe and Warren, 1980; Warren and Wiscombe, 1980). The possible cause of albedo reduction in accumulation area is snow grain growth due to temperature rise because the LAI concentration is low in GrIS (e. g., Mori et al., 2019). In the ablation area, an expansion of bare ice and dark ice extent is a major cause of albedo reduction (Shimada et al., 2016). To investigate the effects of global warming and internal variation of the atmosphere on the surface condition of GrIS, we retrieved an optically-equivalent snow grain radius (R_s1) at the topmost snow layer for accumulation area from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data from 2000 to 2019. The interannual trend of the monthly mean value of R_s1 was +12 µm/decade in July, whereas the statistical significance of this increasing trend is low (p = 0.40) due to the large up and down variation. The large variation of R_s1 synchronized well with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and not with Arctic Oscillation (AO). The correlation is high with NAO index (R = 0.71, p<0.01) and low with AO index (R = 0.36, p>0.1). These results suggest that snow grain size on GrIS is affected by NAO stronger than by global warming during the period from 2000 to 2019.