[G03-04] Learning flood disaster hazard map for junir high school students using old map and 3Dprinter
Keywords:Hazard map, 3D printer, Old map, Flood disaster, Junior high school students
In Japan, heavy rainfall can occur over a wide area due to the rainy season front, the autumn rain front, temperate cyclones and typhoons. In recent years, the number of extremely heavy rainfalls with hourly precipitation exceeding 50 mm has increased, and heavy rainfall due to heavy rainfall in July 2018 and typhoon 19 in the 2019 has occurred. These heavy rainfalls caused flood damage and sediment disaster.
As the heavy rain disasters are attracting attention, flood hazard maps are being prepared in each region. In particular, the areas affected by heavy rainfall in July 2018 overlap with the hazardous areas on the hazard map. Therefore, understanding the hazard map correctly will minimize the damage caused by the disaster.
However, according to a survey conducted by the Disaster Prevention Diorama Promotion Network in January 2019 (1772 people was surveyed), only 17.7% of the respondents answered that they understood the hazard risks in the surrounding area using hazard maps. In addition, 22.2% of those who have seen a hazard map say, "It is difficult to understand how much risk there is". These studies suggest it is difficult to understand hazard maps at a glance.
The topography has a great influence on flood damage, which is important data for creating hazard maps. However, it is difficult to understand large terrain even in the area where you live. In addition, topographic maps issued by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan describe buildings and the like, and it is sometimes difficult to read contour lines, especially in urban areas.
Therefore, in this practice, we use old map and a three-dimensional model created by a 3D printer in order to understand topography. Since the old map shows past land use, it is possible to grasp rivers that have been culverted or landfilled places. In addition, the three-dimensional model can intuitively understand the large topography of the land. By using a 3D printer, it is possible to prepare three-dimensional models of any region one by one. Through these measures, we aimed to deeply understand the flood hazard map for junior high school students.
As the heavy rain disasters are attracting attention, flood hazard maps are being prepared in each region. In particular, the areas affected by heavy rainfall in July 2018 overlap with the hazardous areas on the hazard map. Therefore, understanding the hazard map correctly will minimize the damage caused by the disaster.
However, according to a survey conducted by the Disaster Prevention Diorama Promotion Network in January 2019 (1772 people was surveyed), only 17.7% of the respondents answered that they understood the hazard risks in the surrounding area using hazard maps. In addition, 22.2% of those who have seen a hazard map say, "It is difficult to understand how much risk there is". These studies suggest it is difficult to understand hazard maps at a glance.
The topography has a great influence on flood damage, which is important data for creating hazard maps. However, it is difficult to understand large terrain even in the area where you live. In addition, topographic maps issued by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan describe buildings and the like, and it is sometimes difficult to read contour lines, especially in urban areas.
Therefore, in this practice, we use old map and a three-dimensional model created by a 3D printer in order to understand topography. Since the old map shows past land use, it is possible to grasp rivers that have been culverted or landfilled places. In addition, the three-dimensional model can intuitively understand the large topography of the land. By using a 3D printer, it is possible to prepare three-dimensional models of any region one by one. Through these measures, we aimed to deeply understand the flood hazard map for junior high school students.