3:45 PM - 4:00 PM
[ACG41-02] Aircraft observations for aerosol analyses using transmission electron microscopy: Biomass burning, Arctic air, and pollutions
Keywords:aerosol, biomass burning, transmission electron microscopy
Aerosol particles are tiny materials that suspend in the atmosphere but significantly influence the climate and human health. As these aerosol particles are transported for a long-range, 1,000 km or longer, and day or weeks, their observations away from their emission sources in the atmosphere are important to understand their chemical reactions by interacting with other materials. In addition, as they travel by air parcel layers, their atmospheric concentrations differ depending on the altitudes, i.e., a ground-based observation reveals only a glimpse of aerosol particles near the surface. Thus, an aircraft observation provides critical information regarding the global distributions, atmospheric aging processes, and physical and chemical features of aerosol particles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a tool to analyze aerosol particle compositions, mixing states, and shapes one by one. An advantage of this instrument is that it provides various information of each aerosol particle to show their occurrences in the atmosphere. Furthermore, TEM collects aerosol particles on TEM grids during flights using only a small sampler; the size is critical to mount in limited space in an aircraft. By using such TEM samplers, TEM measurements have been conducted during atmospheric observation campaigns focusing on, for example, biomass burning smoke, Arctic atmosphere, and anthropogenic pollutions around Japan (A-FORCE2013W and 2013S; Reference 1), Greenland (PAMARCMiP 2018; Reference 2), USA (FIREX-AQ2019; Reference 3 and BBOP; References 4), Mexico (MILAGRO; Reference 5), and Europe (ChArMEx; Reference 6). This presentation will summarize the results from these observations by focusing on the applications and advantages of aircraft measurements.
References:
1. Adachi, K. et al., Electron microscopic evidence of meteoritic materials within sulfate aerosol particles in the troposphere, under review.
2. Adachi, K. et al., Compositions and mixing states of aerosol particles by aircraft observations in the Arctic springtime, 2018, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3607–3626, 2021.
3. Adachi, K. et al., Fine ash-bearing particles as a major aerosol component in biomass burning smoke. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 127, e2021JD035657, 2022.
4. Adachi, K. et al., Spherical tarball particles form through rapid chemical and physical changes of organic matter in biomass-burning smoke, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 116 (39), 19336-19341, 2019.
5. Adachi K. and Buseck, P. R., Internally mixed soot, sulfates, and organic matter in aerosol particles from Mexico City, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6469-6481, 2008.
6. Freney, E., Adachi, K. et al., Aerosol composition and the contribution of SOA formation over Mediterranean forests, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18(10), 7041-7056, 2018.
References:
1. Adachi, K. et al., Electron microscopic evidence of meteoritic materials within sulfate aerosol particles in the troposphere, under review.
2. Adachi, K. et al., Compositions and mixing states of aerosol particles by aircraft observations in the Arctic springtime, 2018, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3607–3626, 2021.
3. Adachi, K. et al., Fine ash-bearing particles as a major aerosol component in biomass burning smoke. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 127, e2021JD035657, 2022.
4. Adachi, K. et al., Spherical tarball particles form through rapid chemical and physical changes of organic matter in biomass-burning smoke, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 116 (39), 19336-19341, 2019.
5. Adachi K. and Buseck, P. R., Internally mixed soot, sulfates, and organic matter in aerosol particles from Mexico City, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6469-6481, 2008.
6. Freney, E., Adachi, K. et al., Aerosol composition and the contribution of SOA formation over Mediterranean forests, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18(10), 7041-7056, 2018.