Japan Geoscience Union Meeting 2022

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H (Human Geosciences ) » H-CG Complex & General

[H-CG28] Air Pollution and Health Effects of Agricultural Residue Burning and Pathways to Solutions

Mon. May 23, 2022 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM 201A (International Conference Hall, Makuhari Messe)

convener:Sachiko Hayashida(Research Institute for Humanity and Nature), convener:Wataru Takeuchi(Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo), Prabir Patra(Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC), convener:Kazuyo Yamaji(Kobe University), Chairperson:Prabir Patra(Research Institute for Global Change, JAMSTEC), Mizuo Kajino(Meteorological Research Institute)

4:15 PM - 4:30 PM

[HCG28-04] Quantifying atmospheric emissions from crop residue burning and their district wise distribution over agrarian states of North India

*Tanbir Singh1, Khaiwal Ravindra2, Suman Mor3, Sachiko Hayashida1 (1.RIHN, 2.PGIMER, 3.PU)

Keywords:Crop residue burning emissions, Biomass burning, Emission inventory, VIIRS, fire counts, IGP

Emissions from crop residue burning are a major source of atmospheric pollution over North India, adversely affecting regional and global air quality. A comprehensive district-wise emission inventory of key pollutants (particulate matter, GHGs, trace gases and NMVOC) emitted during open crop residue burning was developed using activity data for major agrarian states of North India. The results show that paddy and wheat contribute majorly to residue generated and burnt (>90%). Around 20.3 Mt and 9.6 Mt of crop residue were burned in the states of Punjab and Haryana, resulting in an emission of 137.2 Gg and 56.9 Gg of PM2.5, 163.7 Gg and 72.1 of PM10 Gg and 34.8 Tg and 17.3 Tg of CO2 equivalent greenhouse gas emissions in respective states. VIIRS based fire count dataset was used to scale the emissions to a spatial resolution of 1 km grid using a GIS-based bottom-up approach. Around 30000 and 8500 active fires grids (1x1 km) were detected using VIIRS dataset over the agricultural area of Punjab and Haryana states during the studied year. The results of spatial distribution analysis show that pollutant distribution dominates over the south-western part of Punjab and the north-western region of Haryana. The proximity of these states to the National Capital Region of New Delhi and owing to favorable meteorology and the transboundary movement of air masses causes high air pollution episodes in this region. The high-resolution inventory of various pollutants will be helpful for regional air quality models to predict better and manage the hotspot of air pollution. Further, we also explored the factors that bring uncertainties in crop residue burning emission inventory including the way forward for improved emission estimates to reduce these uncertainties.

Reference: Singh, T., Biswal, A., Mor, S., Ravindra, K., Singh, V. and Mor, S., 2020. A high-resolution emission inventory of air pollutants from primary crop residue burning over Northern India based on VIIRS thermal anomalies. Environmental Pollution, 266, p.115132.