[M-SD41] Geospatial applications for natural resources, environment and agriculture

[MSD41-06] Land use and land cover (LULC) classification of four district adjacent to the Jamuna River of Bangladesh from satellite imagery using ArcGIS

*Alam Faiz Kazi¹, Royzo Noguchi², Tofael Ahamed² (1.Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1 305-8572, Japan, 2.Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, 305-8572, Japan)

Keywords:Land use and Land cover (LULC) , Remote sensing, ArcGIS, Jamuna river, Bangladesh

Bangladesh is a country of rivers: Padma, Meghna, Jamuna and Brahmaputra are the main and flowing from north to south toward Bay of Bengal. These rivers have a remarkable effect on the life of peoples and have influence on land use and land cover for food production and livelihoods. This research includes the land use and land cover classification (LULC) and change detection of four districts (Kurigram, Gaibandha, Jamalpur and Bogra) adjacent to the Jamuna river with time covering the area about 9350 km². Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a land cover/land use classification map, their changes with the time and influence of Jamuna river using of satellite remote sensing imageries. In this regard, Landsat 4,5, and Landsat 8 OLI multispectral images with 30m spatial resolution from 1990 to 2020 were used to develop LULC maps and change detection. The cloud free images were downloaded from USGS resources for the month of December which is the mostly dry season. A supervised classification model was used in ArcGIS® environment to develop the land use/land cover classification for 10 years interval (1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020). The classification covers in five different classes: Agricultural land, Wet land (Chor land), Urban area, Vegetation and Water body. From this analysis, it has been observed that the agricultural lands were reduced gradually from 4009 km² to 981 km² in 2020 those were 2509 and 2058 km² in 2000 and 2010, respectively. These amounts of agricultural land were converted to the vegetation which includes both natural vegetation and fruits cultivation. The vegetation coverage was increased from 485 km²to 4373 km²from 1990 to 2020. In 2000 and 2010 the coverage of vegetation was 1265 km²and 2269 km² in that order. A decreasing trend of wet land (chor land) was observed due to conversion of wet land to vegetated land and urban area. The wet land was reduced to 236 km² from 1179 km² in between 1990 to 2020. The amount of water body was also decreased to half from 905 km² to 443 km² from 1990 to 2020 which may be due to the less rain fall in the source area because of climate change. The amount of water body was 552 km² and 583 km² in 2000 and 2010 respectively which are nearly similar. The urban area was increased 1.5 times from 1990 to 2020 those were 2742 km² and 3289 km² correspondingly. Finally, it can be said that the land use/land cover has been changed significantly from 1990 to 2020 in the span of 30 years where agricultural land, wet land and water body were reduced about 75%, 79% and 51% respectively. The LULC map can ensure the proper policy planning to face the challenges of conversion of lands, sediment deposition from Jamuna rivers and climate change to bring adoption in new agricultural land use planning to increase food production and livelihoods of people.