[P-EM09] Space Weather and Space Climate

[PEM09-15] Statistical analyses for the relationship between solar activities and aurora candidates in ancient Chinese historical records

*Po-Han Lee¹, Jann-Yenq Liu^1,2,3, Yuh-Ing Chen⁴ (1.Department of Space Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan, 2.Center for Astronautical Physics and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City, TAIWAN, 3.Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University, Taoyuan City, TAIWAN, 4.Graduate Institute of Statistics, National Central University, Taoyuan City, TAIWAN)

Keywords:aurora, solar activity

Continuous observations at specified locations and chronicling of astronomical phenomena provide unique opportunities to reveal the ancient space weather. In this study, 508 aurora candidates in Chinese official historical records during 511-1912 are converted into quantitative data with its color, location, and appearance time. Statistic results show that aurora candidates were observed significantly during high solar activity periods, especially that in the red color. However, the relationship between solar activities and aurora candidates of white, blue, as well as the other colors are not significant with 95% confidence intervals. White aurora candidates were observed nearly equally across four seasons. By contrast, only 13% of red aurora candidates occurred in summer; and most of the blue aurora candidates were in summer and autumn. The red aurora candidates mainly appeared at middle latitudes, similar to the middle latitude aurora, while white and blue aurora candidates are under study. In summary, the statistical results on the historical records of all aurora candidates show that auroras, especially the red one, appear more frequent during high solar activity periods.