5:15 PM - 6:45 PM
[HTT17-P01] Stereoscopic Viewing for Geographic Information Systems - Assistive Devices or Training Methods for Skill Acquisition
Keywords:GIS Globe, stereoscopic vision aids, stereoscopic vision practice tools, teaching materials, skill acquisition, virtual reality
1. Introduction
In recent years, with the progress of information science, geographic information has been widely available in the form of various images and videos. Among these geographic information, it was pointed out that contents that meet certain conditions can easily be stereoscopically viewed. Thereupon, a tool SVw (Ryoki, 2019) that displays GSI Globe (GSI, 2017) or a tool SWd (Ryoki, 2023) that plays video files held by the user on a local machine or social-media video files, for example, Youtube (2024). However, many people have not mastered the skills of naked-eye stereopsis and do not know the usefulness of this technique. Therefore, we devised an aid for parallel stereopsis and a practice tool for cross stereopsis, which can be made by simple handicrafts.
2. Parallel stereoscopic assist device
Many items for stereoscopic viewing, which called stereoscopes, have been invented and are commercially available. However, the manufacturing process is complicated because convex lenses are used. Therefore, a simple paper-made aid (Figure 1) is devised for parallel stereoscopic viewing without using a convex lens. Figure 2 shows an A4-size paper for the production.
3. Cross stereoscopic practice device
In the parallel method, the eyes are kept parallel, so stereo pairs that are larger than the pupil distance between the two eyes cannot be used. On the other hand, the crossing method crosses the line of sight of both eyes. This makes it possible for all participants to view a stereo pair projected on a screen placed at the front of the classroom in a group education setting. This is a very useful feature for group education. Humans are not accustomed to focusing their eyes on an arbitrary point by so-called "crossed eyes" focusing. However, since the focusing muscles of the eyes are voluntary muscles, with training, it is possible to focus on the intersection of the gazes. The main reason in the difficulty for beginners is that they see other objects than the desired image. Therefore, it is necessary to make a device to superimpose only the two figures that are desired to be seen. Therefore, an exercise tool like the one shown in Figure 3 was developed. Figure 4 shows two sheets of A4-size paper for the production. This exercise is simply two paper tube with one end stapled to the other. From the other end of the tube, the right image of the stereo pair is viewed with the left eye and the left image is viewed with the right eye. If the two images appear to overlap, the eyes should strive to bring them into focus. Figure 5 shows how to practice.
4. conclusion
Normally, the eyes are not focused as described above. Therefore, it is difficult to get used to it. However, it can be acquired after about 10 minutes of training without giving up. Humans originally adjust the focus of their eyes unconsciously according to the angles of both gazes. If we can focus on the stereo pair without seeing anything other than the target stereo pair, it will be easier for our eyes to adjust the focus. The exercise equipment shown in Figures 1 or 3 work by making the subject focus only on the stereo pair and concentrate on focusing the eye on the stereo pair. Once these tasks have been mastered, the subject will be able to perform stereo viewing voluntarily without the practice tools, using either the parallel or the crossed-eye method.
References
Geographical Survey Institute of Japan (2017):Official release of GSI Globe, http://www.gsi.go.jp/common/000185126.pdf (Browsed on 2.14.2024., in Japanese).
Ryoki, K. (2019):A Seamless Stereoscopic Viewer for 3D Browsing of GSI Globe, Geoinform2019, 31-32 (in Japanese).
Ryoki, K. (2023): Application of GIS-Globe Stereoscopic Viewer for Earth Science and Education -Use of Original Video or Social Media Contents-, JpGU Meeting 2023, G01-P02.
Youtube (2024): Ever wonder how YouTube works?, Our commitments, https://www.youtube.com/intl/en_us/howyoutubeworks/ (Browsed on 2.14.2024.).
In recent years, with the progress of information science, geographic information has been widely available in the form of various images and videos. Among these geographic information, it was pointed out that contents that meet certain conditions can easily be stereoscopically viewed. Thereupon, a tool SVw (Ryoki, 2019) that displays GSI Globe (GSI, 2017) or a tool SWd (Ryoki, 2023) that plays video files held by the user on a local machine or social-media video files, for example, Youtube (2024). However, many people have not mastered the skills of naked-eye stereopsis and do not know the usefulness of this technique. Therefore, we devised an aid for parallel stereopsis and a practice tool for cross stereopsis, which can be made by simple handicrafts.
2. Parallel stereoscopic assist device
Many items for stereoscopic viewing, which called stereoscopes, have been invented and are commercially available. However, the manufacturing process is complicated because convex lenses are used. Therefore, a simple paper-made aid (Figure 1) is devised for parallel stereoscopic viewing without using a convex lens. Figure 2 shows an A4-size paper for the production.
3. Cross stereoscopic practice device
In the parallel method, the eyes are kept parallel, so stereo pairs that are larger than the pupil distance between the two eyes cannot be used. On the other hand, the crossing method crosses the line of sight of both eyes. This makes it possible for all participants to view a stereo pair projected on a screen placed at the front of the classroom in a group education setting. This is a very useful feature for group education. Humans are not accustomed to focusing their eyes on an arbitrary point by so-called "crossed eyes" focusing. However, since the focusing muscles of the eyes are voluntary muscles, with training, it is possible to focus on the intersection of the gazes. The main reason in the difficulty for beginners is that they see other objects than the desired image. Therefore, it is necessary to make a device to superimpose only the two figures that are desired to be seen. Therefore, an exercise tool like the one shown in Figure 3 was developed. Figure 4 shows two sheets of A4-size paper for the production. This exercise is simply two paper tube with one end stapled to the other. From the other end of the tube, the right image of the stereo pair is viewed with the left eye and the left image is viewed with the right eye. If the two images appear to overlap, the eyes should strive to bring them into focus. Figure 5 shows how to practice.
4. conclusion
Normally, the eyes are not focused as described above. Therefore, it is difficult to get used to it. However, it can be acquired after about 10 minutes of training without giving up. Humans originally adjust the focus of their eyes unconsciously according to the angles of both gazes. If we can focus on the stereo pair without seeing anything other than the target stereo pair, it will be easier for our eyes to adjust the focus. The exercise equipment shown in Figures 1 or 3 work by making the subject focus only on the stereo pair and concentrate on focusing the eye on the stereo pair. Once these tasks have been mastered, the subject will be able to perform stereo viewing voluntarily without the practice tools, using either the parallel or the crossed-eye method.
References
Geographical Survey Institute of Japan (2017):Official release of GSI Globe, http://www.gsi.go.jp/common/000185126.pdf (Browsed on 2.14.2024., in Japanese).
Ryoki, K. (2019):A Seamless Stereoscopic Viewer for 3D Browsing of GSI Globe, Geoinform2019, 31-32 (in Japanese).
Ryoki, K. (2023): Application of GIS-Globe Stereoscopic Viewer for Earth Science and Education -Use of Original Video or Social Media Contents-, JpGU Meeting 2023, G01-P02.
Youtube (2024): Ever wonder how YouTube works?, Our commitments, https://www.youtube.com/intl/en_us/howyoutubeworks/ (Browsed on 2.14.2024.).