[H-TT17] Geographic Information System and Cartography

[HTT17-P06] Topological Hazard Map by Spatial Cognition

*Kazunari Tanaka¹ (1.Department of Civil Engineering and Urban Design, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology)

Keywords:GIS, distortion, topology, refuge

In recent years, evacuation plans have been formulated to cope with disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and the resulting fires. In plans, temporary evacuation sites and long-term evacuation sites have been established. In the evacuation plans, citizens are encouraged to conduct evacuation exercises in each area. Citizens can cope with disasters by conducting such exercises on a continuous basis. However, there are many people who do not participate in evacuation drills, such as the elderly. Many citizens understand the plan but do not actually simulate it. When a disaster occurs, many citizens may be hesitant to evacuate to the evacuation sites set in the plan. They may be more willing to evacuate to an evacuation site along a path that they often walk, even if it is a bit far away, than to an evacuation site that is closer but unfamiliar to them. The same is true for neighborhood community groups. For them, a distant but well-known town is more likely to be an evacuation site than a nearby neighborhood. In fact, evacuation plans need to be developed based on an understanding of the cognitive structure of such cities.
The purpose of this study is to find appropriate evacuation sites based on the cognitive maps of citizens. In this study, data will be collected from children between the ages of 10 and 12, the age group from which cognitive maps can be extracted the best. In the children's cognitive maps, places where directional changes are made, such as curves and intersections, are drawn larger than they are in, while busy areas with stores, such as shopping streets, are drawn wider and shorter in distance. As a result, it is appeared that the importance of establishing evacuation routes in well-known areas.