14:45 〜 15:00
[MIS01-15] New challenges in Urban climate of Eastern Arctic: research and education
キーワード：Urban climate, Urban Climate Arctic Winter School (UCAWS), Urban Heat Island, Arctic region
Urban microclimate properties of cities in polar latitudes are different from ones in moderate region. However, the lack of data in Arctic region led to the fact that by the beginning of the first decade of the 21st century, modern climatology had extremely scarce information about the microclimatic features of cities located at high latitudes. In the twentieth century, there were only a few studies conducted in Alaska and showed the existence of powerful heat islands in winter in the relatively small cities of Barrow and Fairbanks.
It was a bit strange: due to the extreme development of heat islands in winter, cities can be "windows to the future" in which one can see what will happen to the ecosystems of the Arctic in the coming decades. So, in Norilsk and Apatity, the instantaneous temperature difference between the city center and the surrounding area reaches five to eight degrees, and the average annual intensity in Nadym is only slightly less than one degree Celsius (for comparison, in Moscow, whose population exceeds the population of Nadym by more than 200 times, the intensity of the heat island is only 2-2.2 times higher.It is important to note that the greatest intensity of the heat island is achieved during severe frosts, especially at night and during the polar night. In addition to the influence of urban development and anthropogenic heat emissions, the microclimate of cities in high latitudes is especially sensitive to the natural features of the landscape, primarily to the relief.
Actual research question can be discussed about geophysical causes of UHI formation. For separate circulation causes and antropogenic heat, new experiment in Arctic of winter 2024 is devoted to the study of the microclimatic features of urbanized territories and their environs on the example of special "abandoned" urban areas of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (on the example of the city of Vorkuta, Vorgashor, Rudnik districts).
The implementation of the project will provide new fundamental knowledge about the formation of the microclimate in high-rise buildings and, therefore, improve the quality of modeling (microclimatic heterogeneities in urban landscapes (until now only "inhabited" cities have been actively studied) - conduct a kind of "control experiment". A similar improvement in modeling technologies (in the Project with the help of the so-called "hierarchical modeling") will be able to improve the quality of climate services for the population in the inhabited areas of at least the northern cities, due to the existing problems with the deterioration of air quality in winter. Thus, the development of ideas about the microclimatic processes occurring in urban areas - in this case, by measuring in "dead" urban areas and the subsequent improvement in the quality of their modeling is a very urgent task for urban climatology and ecology, and in the applied plan allows to improve the quality of life of the population in urbanized regions. And additionally get an answer to the fundamental scientific question "CAN UNHABITATED AREA CREATE ITS OWN "URBAN HEAT ISLAND?"
All these questions were discussed during UCAWS -events winter schools for young scientists who have a focus on research in the field of Urban climate, Urban Air Quality, Social Urban Studies, Urban Ecology associated with the Arctic region. One of winter schools was successfully organized in January 2024.
The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation under project No. 23-27-00254
It was a bit strange: due to the extreme development of heat islands in winter, cities can be "windows to the future" in which one can see what will happen to the ecosystems of the Arctic in the coming decades. So, in Norilsk and Apatity, the instantaneous temperature difference between the city center and the surrounding area reaches five to eight degrees, and the average annual intensity in Nadym is only slightly less than one degree Celsius (for comparison, in Moscow, whose population exceeds the population of Nadym by more than 200 times, the intensity of the heat island is only 2-2.2 times higher.It is important to note that the greatest intensity of the heat island is achieved during severe frosts, especially at night and during the polar night. In addition to the influence of urban development and anthropogenic heat emissions, the microclimate of cities in high latitudes is especially sensitive to the natural features of the landscape, primarily to the relief.
Actual research question can be discussed about geophysical causes of UHI formation. For separate circulation causes and antropogenic heat, new experiment in Arctic of winter 2024 is devoted to the study of the microclimatic features of urbanized territories and their environs on the example of special "abandoned" urban areas of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (on the example of the city of Vorkuta, Vorgashor, Rudnik districts).
The implementation of the project will provide new fundamental knowledge about the formation of the microclimate in high-rise buildings and, therefore, improve the quality of modeling (microclimatic heterogeneities in urban landscapes (until now only "inhabited" cities have been actively studied) - conduct a kind of "control experiment". A similar improvement in modeling technologies (in the Project with the help of the so-called "hierarchical modeling") will be able to improve the quality of climate services for the population in the inhabited areas of at least the northern cities, due to the existing problems with the deterioration of air quality in winter. Thus, the development of ideas about the microclimatic processes occurring in urban areas - in this case, by measuring in "dead" urban areas and the subsequent improvement in the quality of their modeling is a very urgent task for urban climatology and ecology, and in the applied plan allows to improve the quality of life of the population in urbanized regions. And additionally get an answer to the fundamental scientific question "CAN UNHABITATED AREA CREATE ITS OWN "URBAN HEAT ISLAND?"
All these questions were discussed during UCAWS -events winter schools for young scientists who have a focus on research in the field of Urban climate, Urban Air Quality, Social Urban Studies, Urban Ecology associated with the Arctic region. One of winter schools was successfully organized in January 2024.
The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation under project No. 23-27-00254