2:15 PM - 2:30 PM
[MTT37-03] Tsunami Formation Theory and GNSS-Aided Tsunami Early Detection System
Keywords:Tsunami genesis, GNSS
Recent earthquake tsunamis have resulted in significant loss of life, emphasizing the urgent need for better tsunami detection methods. Traditionally, seismic approaches have been employed to determine earthquake magnitudes for tsunami early warnings. However, a concerning 75% false alarm rate in the Pacific Ocean, as reported by the 2006 U.S. Government Accountability Office, has highlighted the limitations of this approach.
The primary issue contributing to these unsuccessful warnings is the discrepancy between an earthquake's magnitude and the resulting tsunami's scale or power. Addressing this challenge, recent advancements in our understanding of tsunami formation mechanisms attributed to horizontal forces from seafloor slope displacements have led to the development of new technologies. These technologies focus on detecting tsunami energy scales directly from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network, offering a more accurate basis for early warnings [Song et al., 2023; Chen et al., 2019; Song et al.,2008; 2012; 2017; Song, 2007].
This presentation will discuss two key areas of forefront research. First, we will explore new theories that enhance our understanding of the tsunami formation mechanism. Second, we will discuss GNSS technologies designed to establish effective tsunami early warning systems. Examples will be provided, demonstrating the application of these theories and GNSS technology to real-world scenarios, such as the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and the 2018 M7.5 Palu strike-slip earthquake.
Reference:
Song, Y. T., K. Chen, and G. Prasetya (2023), Tsunami genesis of strike-slip earthquakes revealed in the 2018 Indonesian Palu event, Pur Appl. Geophs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-023-03295-x.
Chen K., Liu Z., and Y. T. Song (2019). Automated GNSS and teleseismic earthquake inversion (AutoQuake Inversion) for tsunami early warning: retrospective and real-time results, PAAG, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-019-02252-x.
Song, Y. T., A. Mothat, S. Yim (2017), New insights on tsunami genesis and energy source, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122, http://dx.doi:10.1002/2016JC012556.
Song, Y. T., I. Fukumori, C. K. Shum, and Y. Yi (2012), Merging tsunamis of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake detected over the open ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050767 (Nature Highlights, March 8, 2012).
Song, Y. T., L.-L. Fu, V. Zlotnicki, C. Ji, V. Hjorleifsdottir, C.K. Shum, and Y. Yi (2008): The role of horizontal impulses of the faulting continental slope in generating the 26 December 2004 Tsunami, Ocean Modelling, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.10.007. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500307001321
Song, Y. T. (2007), Detecting tsunami genesis and scales directly from coastal GPS stations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031681.
The primary issue contributing to these unsuccessful warnings is the discrepancy between an earthquake's magnitude and the resulting tsunami's scale or power. Addressing this challenge, recent advancements in our understanding of tsunami formation mechanisms attributed to horizontal forces from seafloor slope displacements have led to the development of new technologies. These technologies focus on detecting tsunami energy scales directly from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network, offering a more accurate basis for early warnings [Song et al., 2023; Chen et al., 2019; Song et al.,2008; 2012; 2017; Song, 2007].
This presentation will discuss two key areas of forefront research. First, we will explore new theories that enhance our understanding of the tsunami formation mechanism. Second, we will discuss GNSS technologies designed to establish effective tsunami early warning systems. Examples will be provided, demonstrating the application of these theories and GNSS technology to real-world scenarios, such as the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and the 2018 M7.5 Palu strike-slip earthquake.
Reference:
Song, Y. T., K. Chen, and G. Prasetya (2023), Tsunami genesis of strike-slip earthquakes revealed in the 2018 Indonesian Palu event, Pur Appl. Geophs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-023-03295-x.
Chen K., Liu Z., and Y. T. Song (2019). Automated GNSS and teleseismic earthquake inversion (AutoQuake Inversion) for tsunami early warning: retrospective and real-time results, PAAG, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-019-02252-x.
Song, Y. T., A. Mothat, S. Yim (2017), New insights on tsunami genesis and energy source, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122, http://dx.doi:10.1002/2016JC012556.
Song, Y. T., I. Fukumori, C. K. Shum, and Y. Yi (2012), Merging tsunamis of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake detected over the open ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050767 (Nature Highlights, March 8, 2012).
Song, Y. T., L.-L. Fu, V. Zlotnicki, C. Ji, V. Hjorleifsdottir, C.K. Shum, and Y. Yi (2008): The role of horizontal impulses of the faulting continental slope in generating the 26 December 2004 Tsunami, Ocean Modelling, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.10.007. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500307001321
Song, Y. T. (2007), Detecting tsunami genesis and scales directly from coastal GPS stations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031681.