[P-EM11] Space Weather and Space Climate

[PEM11-20] The research progress on the polar cap Sporadic-E layers

*Yong Wang¹, P. T. Jayachandran², Qing-He Zhang^1,5, David R Themens², Robert Gilies³, Ashton Reimer⁴, Roger Varney⁴, Yu-Zhang Ma¹, Zan-Yang Xing¹ (1.Shandong University, 2.University of New Brunswick, 3.University of Calgary, 4.SRI International, 5.Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Keywords:the polar cap, sporadic-E layers, Comprehensive characteristics, Multi-measurements at the Resolute

At high latitudes, the Sporadic-E layer (Es layer) is a common phenomenon but is still poorly understood due to sparse measurements and the difficulty of conventional mechanisms to operate. In this study, an interesting case of polar cap Es layer is firstly studied by using the twin incoherent scatter radars (RISR-N and RISR-C), a Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde (CADI), and a Magnetometer, all at Resolute, Canada. From several electron density profiles of the twin radars, the horizontal scale of the polar cap Es layer is found to be greater than 350 km. Moreover, the polar cap Es layer is determined to be drifting from the bottom F region (>150 km) to the lower E region. Furthermore, a unique appearance of double polar cap Es layers is observed. As a result, these peculiar signatures inspire a newly proposed process that involves the combination of localized electric fields and gravity waves.