*Masahiro Chigira¹, Satoru Kojima², Michel Jaboyedoff³, Fei Li³ (1.Fukada Geological Institute, 2.Gifu University, 3.University of Lausanne)

*Satoshi Takahashi¹, Satoshi Yamakita², Shun Muto³, Satoru Kojima⁴, Kunio Kaiho⁵, Shin-ichi Yamasaki⁶, Noriyoshi Tsuchiya⁷, Yijun Xiong⁸, Simon W. Poulton⁸, Paul B. Wignall⁸, Hironao Matsumoto⁹, TAKAAKI ITAI¹¹, Megumu Fujibayashi¹⁰ (1.Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University, 2.Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, 3.National Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, 4.Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 5.Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, 6.Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 7.National Institute of Technology, Hachinohe College, 8.School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, 9.Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 10.Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 11.Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo)