[A-AS02] Advances in Tropical Cyclone Research: Past, Present, and Future

[AAS02-14] Air-Sea Conditions Observed by Multiple Platforms during Tropical Cyclones in Northern South China Sea in 2023 and 2024: Cases Study

★Invited Papers

*Han Zhang¹ (1.Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources)

Keywords:Typhoon, Oceanic Observation, Air-Sea Interaction, Upper Ocean Response and Feedback, Sea Surface

Oceanic in-situ observation during tropical cyclones (TCs) is the chock point for improvement of the understanding of TC-ocean interactions. Typhoon Koinu (2023), Trami (2024), Yinxing (2024) and several other TCs are observed by multiple platforms including moored stations, unmanned vehicles and drifters. Wave gliders showing variations of near-surface (~1.2 m) parameters (e.g. wind, pressure, temperature and humidity) and sea surface temperature and waves under influence of TCs. Sea surface winds showed some outflows and strong rotation of maximum wind. Sea surface temperature reduced as much as ~4 °C and did not recover back to pre-TC condition within three weeks. The observation by the underwater glider that close to the TC track shows nearly net cooling and an increase of salinity upper than 900 m, indicating deep net upwelling that reached the ocean interior. The temperature observed by chain carried by drifters represent the near-surface thermal structures of eddies and their variation under the influence of TCs. This work provides some clues for the processes of air-sea interaction during TCs and indicates that multi-platforms are able to cooperatively obtain data at the ocean region that influenced by tropical cyclones and uncover the simultaneous variation of air-sea interface and upper ocean.