17:15 〜 19:15
[AOS14-P04] 他の惑星に地球の生態系は必要か？
キーワード：コアバイオーム、テラウインドウズ、自然資本的区分、生存基盤的区分
Three Core Concepts and Terrawindows
When planning planetary migration, it is essential to develop self-sufficient systems on other planets that do not depend on Earth for resources such as food or construction materials. This system, known as the "core biome complex,"integrates both the life-support system and the global ecosystem. The essential technologies required for maintaining life in space are termed "core technology." Together, these elements form the "core society," a self-sufficient system fundamental to establishing a "space society."
The "core biome complex" simplifies Earth's ecosystem by focusing on its essential functions and is categorized into three types: Standard Biome – A stable and balanced ecological system similar to Earth's environment. Extreme Biome – Adapted to harsh conditions, such as high radiation or low gravity. Habitable Biome – Specifically designed for long-term human habitation. To support human life in space, key technologies include space radiation protection and artificial gravity, which become crucial once life-supporting systems are established. Additionally, space law, sociology, and space medicine are essential for sustaining relocated societies.
Maintaining a space ecosystem presents challenges, such as controlling pests and managing pathogenic microorganisms. Introducing Earth's ecosystem to another planet is analogous to an alien species invasion, raising concerns about Planetary Quarantine. Reproducing Earth's environment on a target planet may be best achieved through a completely enclosed dome structure, termed "Terrawindows," which differs from traditional "Terraforming."
The Natural Capital Classification & Life-Supporting Classification
The concept of bringing an ecosystem into space was first realized in Biosphere 2, which was divided into modules representing Earth's natural environments, such as ocean, forest, savanna, and estuary. This division is referred to as "natural capital classification." In contrast, "life-supporting classification" focuses on fundamental human survival functions, including food production and oxygen generation.
Most current space station designs and manned missions prioritize life-supporting classification. However, planetary migration will require consideration of natural capital classification to create a balanced ecosystem. A significant challenge in this approach is maintaining oxygen levels and necessary biomass, as untouched nature cannot sustain a human population in space due to the low efficiency of natural systems. Thus, integrating both classifications is crucial, and resolving this contradiction is key to constructing a viable core biome in space.
1.1 Natural Capital Classification
As demonstrated in Biosphere 2, ecosystems are classified similarly to those on Earth. The Ocean, Forest, Savanna, and Estuary modules were hydrologically connected. However, maintaining this connection altered the salinity of the Ocean module, highlighting the difficulty of replicating Earth's 70% ocean and 30% land ratio (ocean-to-land ratio of 2.4). In space, the scarcity of water makes it difficult to maintain this balance, posing challenges in managing artificial hydrological systems with correct salinity.
To address this, Biosphere 2, with an ocean-to-land ratio of just 0.2, focused on coastal ecosystems, leading to the separation of land and ocean water cycles. The rainforest module, with its high biomass productivity, was also isolated to maintain temperature and humidity. Initially, 300 tree species coexisted, but only around 100 species remain today. Instead of large animals, insects were introduced due to their lower biomass consumption, though pollination has not been fully studied.
The Ocean module was designed as an independent system with features such as: A wave-making device (artificial waves are essential for marine ecosystems) 7-meter water depth Aeration to maintain oxygen levels Since natural water circulation does not occur in artificial environments, a constant energy input is required to sustain water quality and oxygen levels.
When planning planetary migration, it is essential to develop self-sufficient systems on other planets that do not depend on Earth for resources such as food or construction materials. This system, known as the "core biome complex,"integrates both the life-support system and the global ecosystem. The essential technologies required for maintaining life in space are termed "core technology." Together, these elements form the "core society," a self-sufficient system fundamental to establishing a "space society."
The "core biome complex" simplifies Earth's ecosystem by focusing on its essential functions and is categorized into three types: Standard Biome – A stable and balanced ecological system similar to Earth's environment. Extreme Biome – Adapted to harsh conditions, such as high radiation or low gravity. Habitable Biome – Specifically designed for long-term human habitation. To support human life in space, key technologies include space radiation protection and artificial gravity, which become crucial once life-supporting systems are established. Additionally, space law, sociology, and space medicine are essential for sustaining relocated societies.
Maintaining a space ecosystem presents challenges, such as controlling pests and managing pathogenic microorganisms. Introducing Earth's ecosystem to another planet is analogous to an alien species invasion, raising concerns about Planetary Quarantine. Reproducing Earth's environment on a target planet may be best achieved through a completely enclosed dome structure, termed "Terrawindows," which differs from traditional "Terraforming."
The Natural Capital Classification & Life-Supporting Classification
The concept of bringing an ecosystem into space was first realized in Biosphere 2, which was divided into modules representing Earth's natural environments, such as ocean, forest, savanna, and estuary. This division is referred to as "natural capital classification." In contrast, "life-supporting classification" focuses on fundamental human survival functions, including food production and oxygen generation.
Most current space station designs and manned missions prioritize life-supporting classification. However, planetary migration will require consideration of natural capital classification to create a balanced ecosystem. A significant challenge in this approach is maintaining oxygen levels and necessary biomass, as untouched nature cannot sustain a human population in space due to the low efficiency of natural systems. Thus, integrating both classifications is crucial, and resolving this contradiction is key to constructing a viable core biome in space.
1.1 Natural Capital Classification
As demonstrated in Biosphere 2, ecosystems are classified similarly to those on Earth. The Ocean, Forest, Savanna, and Estuary modules were hydrologically connected. However, maintaining this connection altered the salinity of the Ocean module, highlighting the difficulty of replicating Earth's 70% ocean and 30% land ratio (ocean-to-land ratio of 2.4). In space, the scarcity of water makes it difficult to maintain this balance, posing challenges in managing artificial hydrological systems with correct salinity.
To address this, Biosphere 2, with an ocean-to-land ratio of just 0.2, focused on coastal ecosystems, leading to the separation of land and ocean water cycles. The rainforest module, with its high biomass productivity, was also isolated to maintain temperature and humidity. Initially, 300 tree species coexisted, but only around 100 species remain today. Instead of large animals, insects were introduced due to their lower biomass consumption, though pollination has not been fully studied.
The Ocean module was designed as an independent system with features such as: A wave-making device (artificial waves are essential for marine ecosystems) 7-meter water depth Aeration to maintain oxygen levels Since natural water circulation does not occur in artificial environments, a constant energy input is required to sustain water quality and oxygen levels.