17:15 〜 19:15
[MIS03-P05] AQUATIC VASCULAR PLANT FOR GREAT LAKES BASIN IN MONGOLIA
キーワード：aquatic plants, wetland, Lake Uvs, Lake Khar Us
AQUATIC VASCULAR PLANT FOR GREAT LAKES BASIN IN MONGOLIA
Ariunsuren Purevee1, Masashi Yokogawa2, Yoshihito Yabiichi3, Mendbayar Bataa4
1Mongolian University of Life Science, Zaisan 17024, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia,
2Center for Seeds and Seedlings, NARO, Fujimoto 2-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0852, Japan305-0852 2-22
3Osaka Museum of Natural History, Nagai Park 1-23, Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 546-0034, Japan546-0034 1-233
4Agrometeorological Research Division, Information and Research Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IRIMHE)
ABSTRACT
Key words: aquatic plant; wetland waters; Uvs, Khar-us nuur,
The Great Lakes Basin desert steppe ecoregion encompasses the enclosed basin centered on Uvs Lake, which is south of Khyargas, Khar-us, and Sharga lakes. This area is a saline, endorheic basin—meaning it has no external drainage to the ocean—located in western Mongolia.
The plant-geographic region spans approximately 100 to 500 kilometers from west to east and 600 kilometers from north to south. Aside from the lakes, the terrain consists of gently sloping clay and gravel, primarily at elevations ranging from 700 to 2,000 meters. Interspersed within this landscape are areas of bare sand, wetlands, and rock outcrops.
The climate in this plant-geographic region is classified as Cold Semi-Arid (Köppen climate classification BSk). This climate is marked by significant daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations, along with low precipitation and cool winters. The average annual precipitation in the Uvs Nuur region is 146.4 mm, while in the Khar-us Nuur region, it is 130.7 mm. Average temperatures in Uvs Nuur are approximately −31.3 °C (−18.7 °F) in January and 20.5 °C (71.8 °F) in July. For Khar-us Nuur, the January average is −23.0 °C (−13.7 °F) and the July average is 20.4 °C (71.4 °F).
The area covers 11,991.50 hectares and is home to 206 teams from 50 sums (districts) in the Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, and Govi-Altai provinces. The basin is characterized by great biodiversity due to its numerous transition zones, including steppe to desert, freshwater to saltwater, and low altitude to high altitude. Floral communities representing all these Central Asian biomes and 70 types of pasture are found here. The region's wetland plant species diversity is notably high because it remains relatively untouched by human development.
Dr. Etsuji Hamabata and the plant research team from the Agricultural University of Mongolia collected 1,696 specimens of aquatic macrophyte plants for 10 years, from 2004 to 2013. Out of these, 176 specimens were gathered from the Great Lakes Basin wetland and are now stored in the Lake Biwa Museum in Shiga Prefecture, Japan.
Based on V. I. Grubov's Plant identification key (1982, 2008), 196 species of true aquatic, semi-aquatic, and wetland plants are found in the wetland areas of the Great Lakes Basin. The main representative species of which are:
1. True aquatic plant: free floating 6 species (Lemna L., Ceratophyllum L., Utricularia L.) and floating leaved 11 species (Nymphaea L., Nuphar Sm., Caltha L., Batrachium (DC.) S. F. Gray.) and submerged plant 17 species (Potamogeton L., Zannichellia L., Sagittaria, Najas, Callitriche L., Myriophyllum L.) were recorded.
2. Semiaquatic plant: emergent plants 8 species (Sparganium L. Butomus L., Scheuchzeria L., Alisma L. Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.) and Amphibious plants 23 species (Phragmites Adans., Typha L., Hippuris L.) were recorded.
3.Wetland plants: 131 species (Triglochin L., Glycera R. Br., Puccinellia Parl., Bromus L., Cyperus L., Juncellus jacq., Eriophorum L., Eleocharis R.Br., Carex L., Juncus L. Iris L., Spiranthes Rish., Herminium R.Br., Orchis L., Salix L., Rumex L., Polygonum L., Suaeda Forsk., Potentilla L., Sanguisorba L., Sphaerophysa DC., Limosella L., Odontites Ludw., Pedicularis L., Plantago L., Inula L., Cirsuim Mill., Lactuca L., Taraxacum Wigg.).
Ariunsuren Purevee1, Masashi Yokogawa2, Yoshihito Yabiichi3, Mendbayar Bataa4
1Mongolian University of Life Science, Zaisan 17024, Khan-Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia,
2Center for Seeds and Seedlings, NARO, Fujimoto 2-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0852, Japan305-0852 2-22
3Osaka Museum of Natural History, Nagai Park 1-23, Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 546-0034, Japan546-0034 1-233
4Agrometeorological Research Division, Information and Research Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IRIMHE)
ABSTRACT
Key words: aquatic plant; wetland waters; Uvs, Khar-us nuur,
The Great Lakes Basin desert steppe ecoregion encompasses the enclosed basin centered on Uvs Lake, which is south of Khyargas, Khar-us, and Sharga lakes. This area is a saline, endorheic basin—meaning it has no external drainage to the ocean—located in western Mongolia.
The plant-geographic region spans approximately 100 to 500 kilometers from west to east and 600 kilometers from north to south. Aside from the lakes, the terrain consists of gently sloping clay and gravel, primarily at elevations ranging from 700 to 2,000 meters. Interspersed within this landscape are areas of bare sand, wetlands, and rock outcrops.
The climate in this plant-geographic region is classified as Cold Semi-Arid (Köppen climate classification BSk). This climate is marked by significant daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations, along with low precipitation and cool winters. The average annual precipitation in the Uvs Nuur region is 146.4 mm, while in the Khar-us Nuur region, it is 130.7 mm. Average temperatures in Uvs Nuur are approximately −31.3 °C (−18.7 °F) in January and 20.5 °C (71.8 °F) in July. For Khar-us Nuur, the January average is −23.0 °C (−13.7 °F) and the July average is 20.4 °C (71.4 °F).
The area covers 11,991.50 hectares and is home to 206 teams from 50 sums (districts) in the Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, and Govi-Altai provinces. The basin is characterized by great biodiversity due to its numerous transition zones, including steppe to desert, freshwater to saltwater, and low altitude to high altitude. Floral communities representing all these Central Asian biomes and 70 types of pasture are found here. The region's wetland plant species diversity is notably high because it remains relatively untouched by human development.
Dr. Etsuji Hamabata and the plant research team from the Agricultural University of Mongolia collected 1,696 specimens of aquatic macrophyte plants for 10 years, from 2004 to 2013. Out of these, 176 specimens were gathered from the Great Lakes Basin wetland and are now stored in the Lake Biwa Museum in Shiga Prefecture, Japan.
Based on V. I. Grubov's Plant identification key (1982, 2008), 196 species of true aquatic, semi-aquatic, and wetland plants are found in the wetland areas of the Great Lakes Basin. The main representative species of which are:
1. True aquatic plant: free floating 6 species (Lemna L., Ceratophyllum L., Utricularia L.) and floating leaved 11 species (Nymphaea L., Nuphar Sm., Caltha L., Batrachium (DC.) S. F. Gray.) and submerged plant 17 species (Potamogeton L., Zannichellia L., Sagittaria, Najas, Callitriche L., Myriophyllum L.) were recorded.
2. Semiaquatic plant: emergent plants 8 species (Sparganium L. Butomus L., Scheuchzeria L., Alisma L. Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.) and Amphibious plants 23 species (Phragmites Adans., Typha L., Hippuris L.) were recorded.
3.Wetland plants: 131 species (Triglochin L., Glycera R. Br., Puccinellia Parl., Bromus L., Cyperus L., Juncellus jacq., Eriophorum L., Eleocharis R.Br., Carex L., Juncus L. Iris L., Spiranthes Rish., Herminium R.Br., Orchis L., Salix L., Rumex L., Polygonum L., Suaeda Forsk., Potentilla L., Sanguisorba L., Sphaerophysa DC., Limosella L., Odontites Ludw., Pedicularis L., Plantago L., Inula L., Cirsuim Mill., Lactuca L., Taraxacum Wigg.).