1:45 PM - 3:15 PM
[O11-P79] Simulation of sediment disasters using 3D models
Keywords:Sediment-related disasters, Disaster science, Debris flows, Disaster prevention, 3D
Research Background and Objectives
The aim of this research is to improve people's disaster prevention awareness and response capabilities through the use of 3D models to simulate sediment-related disasters. In the past, the information provided to society about sediment-related disasters has been largely two-dimensional. However, in reality, disasters occur not only on a flat surface, but also in three-dimensional space. Therefore, there are limits to the extent to which the risk of disasters can be recognized based on two-dimensional information alone. We therefore set up the hypothesis that “visualizing information on sediment-related disasters as three-dimensional information (3D information) will deepen our understanding of the disasters themselves and the risks they pose”, and tested this hypothesis.
Research methods
Based on the disaster prevention map of Tagajo City published by Tagajo City, we targeted the sediment-related disaster warning areas around our school.
1) Experiment
Using Geospatial Information Authority maps and Google Earth, we determined the length and elevation of the land, and used a clinometer to measure the slope. Based on this data, we created a topographical model with a scale of 1/57, and actually poured soil down the slope of the model to check the flow down situation.
When the water and soil are allowed to flow down, the ratio of water to soil is changed to (1:3), (1:1), and (3:1). The slope is also compared at 40 degrees, 45 degrees, and 50 degrees. These are the values indicated when the slope was measured using a clinometer.
2) Video production
We created a 3D image based on the results of the experiment, and then created a video by combining the images together.
3) Questionnaire survey
We surveyed changes in understanding and awareness of the risk of landslides when people were shown a map on a flat surface only, and when they were shown a map on a flat surface plus the video we created.
Experimental results
As the slope became steeper, the distance the sediment flowed down decreased. In other words, we were able to confirm that there was a certain correlation between the slope and the distance the sediment flowed down.
Creating the video
We created the video by combining around 40 photos.
Questionnaire results and discussion
The questionnaire responses we received after showing the completed 3D model and video were
“It's easier to understand in 3D than on a flat map”
“Watching the video helped me to imagine how sediment disasters move”
and other positive responses were particularly noticeable. Regarding awareness of the crisis, 28% of respondents said they “could feel it quite strongly”, while 62% said they “could feel it”, meaning that a total of 90% of respondents felt their awareness of the disaster had increased. In particular, the comment “By using the model to convey the situation of the experiment in video form, I was able to see the danger of the disaster as something that concerned me personally” was particularly memorable.
As you can see, it was found that communicating using 3D not only raised awareness, but also contributed greatly to raising awareness of “seeing disasters as something that affects you personally”. At the same time, it was also confirmed that the hypothesis of this research, “visualizing information as 3D information will deepen understanding of disasters themselves and the risks they cause”, was correct.
References
Tagajo City, Tagajo City Disaster Prevention Hazard Map
https://www.city.tagajo.miyagi.jp/bosai/kurashi/bosai/bosai/shite.html
Japan Disaster Prevention Organization, Disaster Prevention Instructor Textbook (2023)
Acknowledgements
In carrying out this research, we received guidance and advice from Associate Professor Shuji Moriguchi of the Disaster Evaluation and Reduction Research Division, Department of Computational Safety Engineering, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, for the experiments. We would like to express our deep gratitude here.
The aim of this research is to improve people's disaster prevention awareness and response capabilities through the use of 3D models to simulate sediment-related disasters. In the past, the information provided to society about sediment-related disasters has been largely two-dimensional. However, in reality, disasters occur not only on a flat surface, but also in three-dimensional space. Therefore, there are limits to the extent to which the risk of disasters can be recognized based on two-dimensional information alone. We therefore set up the hypothesis that “visualizing information on sediment-related disasters as three-dimensional information (3D information) will deepen our understanding of the disasters themselves and the risks they pose”, and tested this hypothesis.
Research methods
Based on the disaster prevention map of Tagajo City published by Tagajo City, we targeted the sediment-related disaster warning areas around our school.
1) Experiment
Using Geospatial Information Authority maps and Google Earth, we determined the length and elevation of the land, and used a clinometer to measure the slope. Based on this data, we created a topographical model with a scale of 1/57, and actually poured soil down the slope of the model to check the flow down situation.
When the water and soil are allowed to flow down, the ratio of water to soil is changed to (1:3), (1:1), and (3:1). The slope is also compared at 40 degrees, 45 degrees, and 50 degrees. These are the values indicated when the slope was measured using a clinometer.
2) Video production
We created a 3D image based on the results of the experiment, and then created a video by combining the images together.
3) Questionnaire survey
We surveyed changes in understanding and awareness of the risk of landslides when people were shown a map on a flat surface only, and when they were shown a map on a flat surface plus the video we created.
Experimental results
As the slope became steeper, the distance the sediment flowed down decreased. In other words, we were able to confirm that there was a certain correlation between the slope and the distance the sediment flowed down.
Creating the video
We created the video by combining around 40 photos.
Questionnaire results and discussion
The questionnaire responses we received after showing the completed 3D model and video were
“It's easier to understand in 3D than on a flat map”
“Watching the video helped me to imagine how sediment disasters move”
and other positive responses were particularly noticeable. Regarding awareness of the crisis, 28% of respondents said they “could feel it quite strongly”, while 62% said they “could feel it”, meaning that a total of 90% of respondents felt their awareness of the disaster had increased. In particular, the comment “By using the model to convey the situation of the experiment in video form, I was able to see the danger of the disaster as something that concerned me personally” was particularly memorable.
As you can see, it was found that communicating using 3D not only raised awareness, but also contributed greatly to raising awareness of “seeing disasters as something that affects you personally”. At the same time, it was also confirmed that the hypothesis of this research, “visualizing information as 3D information will deepen understanding of disasters themselves and the risks they cause”, was correct.
References
Tagajo City, Tagajo City Disaster Prevention Hazard Map
https://www.city.tagajo.miyagi.jp/bosai/kurashi/bosai/bosai/shite.html
Japan Disaster Prevention Organization, Disaster Prevention Instructor Textbook (2023)
Acknowledgements
In carrying out this research, we received guidance and advice from Associate Professor Shuji Moriguchi of the Disaster Evaluation and Reduction Research Division, Department of Computational Safety Engineering, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, for the experiments. We would like to express our deep gratitude here.