5:15 PM - 7:15 PM
[SVC32-P29] Continuous Activity at Lewotobi Lakilaki Volcano Following the 2024 Eruption: Insights from Remotely Sensed Data
Keywords:Crustal Deformation, Volcano unrest , Remote sensing, Lewotobi lakilaki
Crustal deformation mapping is a critical tool for understanding volcanic unrest systems, providing insights into fundamental processes such as magma transport, stress accumulation, and eruption dynamics. The 2024 eruption of Lewotobi Lakilaki Volcano in Indonesia serves as a compelling case study in region with limited terestrial observation. Remote sensing data, offer invisible hand for mapping surface deformation and estimating its sources. This study presents analysis of crustal deformation at Lewotobi Lakilaki Volcano using multi-source remote sensing data.
We used Sentinel-1 data from 2021 to 2024 and employed the new SBAS-based InSAR technique (e.g., Yunjun et al., 2019; Morishita et al., 2020), which optimizes the selection of interferometric pairs using a weighted network approach to minimize decorrelation effects. Thus, it preserves high-quality observations, improving both temporal and spatial resolution. Multi-geometry InSAR results are decomposed to derive horizontal and vertical deformation components. The time series plot of descending data shows the displacement from 2022 to 2024. Displacement remained stable until early 2024, followed a sharp deflation (-7 cm) occurred from mid to late 2024, likely due to magma withdrawal or structural adjustments. Overall, the displacement pattern suggests a cycle of pressurization and depressurization, characteristic of magma dynamics beneath an active volcano.
Our findings reveal co-eruptive phase marked by dynamic changes in the volcano's edifice in December 2023, a month prior to eruption. Horizontal component indicates significant deformation, with up to 10 cm of displacement observed on the southwest and northeast flanks during the eruption phase December 2023 to March 2024 and continuous inflate during post eruptive in April 2024 and after. In addition, the vertical deformation data reveal subsidence occurring along the path of the lava flow. Post-eruption deflation and lava flow were detected in the northeast. The seismic records showed large events in early January 2024 consistent with thermal data which detect high radiative power reaching up to 7.5 x 1e8 at the same period. Nevertheless, we propose a simple point source deformation shape, addressing the shallow source of interpreting complex deformation patterns. Integrating geodetic, optical, thermal, and seismic data, these observations are crucial for understanding Lewotobi's eruptive behavior and can contribute to hazard assessment.
We used Sentinel-1 data from 2021 to 2024 and employed the new SBAS-based InSAR technique (e.g., Yunjun et al., 2019; Morishita et al., 2020), which optimizes the selection of interferometric pairs using a weighted network approach to minimize decorrelation effects. Thus, it preserves high-quality observations, improving both temporal and spatial resolution. Multi-geometry InSAR results are decomposed to derive horizontal and vertical deformation components. The time series plot of descending data shows the displacement from 2022 to 2024. Displacement remained stable until early 2024, followed a sharp deflation (-7 cm) occurred from mid to late 2024, likely due to magma withdrawal or structural adjustments. Overall, the displacement pattern suggests a cycle of pressurization and depressurization, characteristic of magma dynamics beneath an active volcano.
Our findings reveal co-eruptive phase marked by dynamic changes in the volcano's edifice in December 2023, a month prior to eruption. Horizontal component indicates significant deformation, with up to 10 cm of displacement observed on the southwest and northeast flanks during the eruption phase December 2023 to March 2024 and continuous inflate during post eruptive in April 2024 and after. In addition, the vertical deformation data reveal subsidence occurring along the path of the lava flow. Post-eruption deflation and lava flow were detected in the northeast. The seismic records showed large events in early January 2024 consistent with thermal data which detect high radiative power reaching up to 7.5 x 1e8 at the same period. Nevertheless, we propose a simple point source deformation shape, addressing the shallow source of interpreting complex deformation patterns. Integrating geodetic, optical, thermal, and seismic data, these observations are crucial for understanding Lewotobi's eruptive behavior and can contribute to hazard assessment.