[A-OS16] [EE] 地球規模環境変化に関する分野横断の海洋研究

[AOS16-P01] Ocean Macronutrient Fertilisation – An enhanced natural carbon sink?

★招待講演

*Daniel P Harrison¹ (1.University of Sydney)

キーワード：Ocean fertilisation, Sequestration, Carbon Sink

In order to meet the goal of limiting global average temperature increase to less than 2 °C, it is increasingly apparent that anthropogenic CO₂ sinks of up to 10 Pg C yr^-1 will be needed before the end of the century. Ocean iron fertilization, although controversial has been shown to be one of the few technologies with a large capacity for removing CO₂ from the atmosphere. Here I present the findings of a study to assess the capacity of an alternate form of ocean fertilization, Ocean Macronutrient Fertilisation (OMF). Sufficient phosphate exists outside the iron limited surface ocean to support once-only sequestration of up to 3.6 Pg C by fertilization with nitrogen. Ongoing sequestration using nitrogen fertiliser is estimated at 1.07±0.27 Pg C yr-¹. If N and P were used in combination to fertilise the ocean, the size of the CO₂ sink thus created is limited by societies willingness to utilize phosphate resources. Doubling current phosphate production would allow an additional 0.9 Pg C yr^-1 sequestration and consume 0.07% yr^-1 of known global resources. Environmental risks have received little quantitative evaluation; however it is likely they could also limit the scale of implementation.