JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017

講演情報

[JJ] 口頭発表

セッション記号 M (領域外・複数領域) » M-IS ジョイント

[M-IS26] [JJ] 水惑星学

2017年5月20日(土) 09:00 〜 10:30 103 (国際会議場 1F)

コンビーナ:関根 康人(東京大学大学院理学系研究科地球惑星科学専攻)、渋谷 岳造(海洋研究開発機構)、玄田 英典(東京工業大学 地球生命研究所)、福士 圭介(金沢大学環日本海域環境研究センター)、座長:関根 康人(東京大学大学院理学系研究科地球惑星科学専攻)、座長:渋谷 岳造(海洋研究開発機構)

09:30 〜 09:45

[MIS26-03] Geo-electrochemical CO production: Implications for the autotrophic origin of life

*北台 紀夫1 (1.東京工業大学 地球生命研究所)

Hydrothermal activities on the primitive Earth were considered to be much greater than the present level, and hydrothermally produced geo-electrochemical potential may have facilitated CO2 reduction and the formation of organic compounds that preceded the origin of life. To test the possibility, we examined electrochemical CO2 reduction on low-crystalline sulfides of various metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, W, or Zn) in the simulated ancient seawater. Results showed that CdS and Ag2S have excellent catalytic efficiency for the CO2 reduction to CO, together with the H2 evolution. At potentials below -1.0 V (versus the standard hydrogen electrode), the CO production on CdS and Ag2S accounted for around 40 and 30 % of the total electric current, respectively. The threshold potential could be readily generated in the H2-rich, high-temperature and alkaline hydrothermal vents that were probably widespread over the early ocean floor. The electrochemical production of CO, a crucial energy and carbon sources for abiotic and biotic organic synthesis, could have been a key initial step of the prebiotic CO2 fixation in the early ocean hydrothermal systems, and provided the materials for the origin and early evolution of life.