JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017

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[JJ] Poster

S (Solid Earth Sciences) » S-VC Volcanology

[S-VC50] [JJ] Volcanic and igneous activities, and these long-term forecasting

Sat. May 20, 2017 3:30 PM - 5:00 PM Poster Hall (International Exhibition Hall HALL7)

convener:Teruki Oikawa(Institute of Earthquake and Volcano Geology, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology), Takeshi Hasegawa(Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Ibaraki University), Daisuke MIURA(Geosphere Sciences, Civil Engineering Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry), Nobuo Geshi(Geological Survey of Japan, The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)

[SVC50-P17] Formation process of plagioclase aggregates of the 1991-1995 eruption at Unzen

*Yuriko Konishi1, Atsushi Toramaru2 (1.Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 2.Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University)

Keywords:Crystal size distribution, Plagioclase, Aggregate, Mt. Unzen

We conduct the petrographical description, the textual analysis including crystal size distribution (CSD) analyses and chemical analyses for plagioclase phenocrysts which show frequently the aggregate texture in volcanic rocks of the eruption. In this study, to know the basic information before discussing the magmatic system of the 1991-1995 eruption at Unzen, we focus on plagioclase aggregates and their formation process. Plagioclase phenocrysts can be classified into two types on the basis of textural observation using optical microscopes. Type S phenocrysts exist as a Solo crystal without forming aggregates. Type A phenocrysts have the Aggregate texture in which a phenocryst recognized in hand specimen consists of two to several single crystals. The dusty zone can be found in both types. We conduct CSD analyses for type S, type A and component crystals of type A (type Acomp). We conduct chemical analyses for cores and rims of type S and type Acomp. Results from CSD analyses show that CSD plots of all types follow the exponential distributions. It is remarkable that CSD plots of type S have steeper slopes and smaller maximum crystal sizes than those of type Acomp have. Results from chemical analyses also show the difference in core Anorthite (An) contents; type S has broader range (around An 35-60) than type Acomp has (around An 40-55). These results suggest the difference in a magmatic system where each type of plagioclase phenocrysts has crystallized. We propose two models that can explain the characteristics of CSD plots and core An content of the plagioclase phenocrysts; the coalescence model and the separation model. Assuming the coalescence model, we suggest that nucleation rate has increased at a certain time and aggregations have occurred at a certain time interval. On the other hand, assuming the separation model, we suggest that the injection of a high-temperature mafic magma including high-An solo crystals has melted country rocks including plagioclase with core An 40-55. We also suggest that fragments separated from country rocks have assimilated with the mafic magma. Because the slight differences in the CSD trends and the compositional ranges between type S and Acomp, which has been detected in this preliminary analysis, may be an important clue to discriminate which process is realistic, we will have to conduct more comprehensive and detail analysis including correlations between size and compositions, trace element compositions, etc.