[EP-22] Anthropometric Study of Ear and Nose in Indonesian Population
[Abstract]
[Objective]
The purpose of this study is to compare the anthropological distance on the ear and nose between men and women in the young Indonesian population as a consideration for fabricating maxillofacial prostheses.
[Method]
A total of 200 Indonesian dental students without facial deformities randomly participated in this cross-sectional study. Anterior and lateral views of the face were taken using standardized digital photographs. Imaging software measured the auricular projection (MAP), lengthen of nose (LON), lateral ala width (LAW), medial canthus width (MCW), ear length (EL), ear width (EW), nasal bridge length (NBL), nasal tip protrusion (NTP), distance from superior edge of ear to MCW (D1), distance from inferior edge of ear to lower edge of nose (D2), and angulation between ear and nose. Data with normal distribution were analyzed by independent t-test (α=.05). Conversely, Mann-Whitney U-test (α=.05) was used on non-normal distribution.
[Results and Discussion]
The mean age was (men = 23.72+4.22 years) and (women = 22.26+2.89 years). A significant difference was found between men and women in the measurement of MCW, MAP, LAW, D1, EL, EW, NBL, NTP, and angulation. All ear and nose measurements, except D1, D2, and angulation, showed that men were higher than women. The size of ear and nose is influenced by gender and ethnic groups in the population.1,2 Men were larger than women, both in ear and nose measurements.2,3 A facial anthropometry study, including the proportion of the ear and nose, can assist in treatment planning for maxillofacial prostheses.4
[References]
1) Suhk JH, Park JS, Nguyen AH. Nasal analysis and anatomy: anthropometric proportional assessment in Asians—aesthetic balance from forehead to chin, part I. Semin Plast Surg 2015;29:219–225.
2) Japatti SR, Engineer PJ, Reddy BM, et al. Anthropometric assessment of the normal adult human ear. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2018;8:42-50.
3) Ozdemir F, Uzun A. Anthropometric analysis of the nose in young Turkish men and women. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2015;43(7):1244-7.
4) Fugiwara FVG, Vassallo FNS, Moritsugui DS, et al. Forensic facial reconstruction: an anthropometric study of the ear. Aust J Forensic Sci 2024.
[Objective]
The purpose of this study is to compare the anthropological distance on the ear and nose between men and women in the young Indonesian population as a consideration for fabricating maxillofacial prostheses.
[Method]
A total of 200 Indonesian dental students without facial deformities randomly participated in this cross-sectional study. Anterior and lateral views of the face were taken using standardized digital photographs. Imaging software measured the auricular projection (MAP), lengthen of nose (LON), lateral ala width (LAW), medial canthus width (MCW), ear length (EL), ear width (EW), nasal bridge length (NBL), nasal tip protrusion (NTP), distance from superior edge of ear to MCW (D1), distance from inferior edge of ear to lower edge of nose (D2), and angulation between ear and nose. Data with normal distribution were analyzed by independent t-test (α=.05). Conversely, Mann-Whitney U-test (α=.05) was used on non-normal distribution.
[Results and Discussion]
The mean age was (men = 23.72+4.22 years) and (women = 22.26+2.89 years). A significant difference was found between men and women in the measurement of MCW, MAP, LAW, D1, EL, EW, NBL, NTP, and angulation. All ear and nose measurements, except D1, D2, and angulation, showed that men were higher than women. The size of ear and nose is influenced by gender and ethnic groups in the population.1,2 Men were larger than women, both in ear and nose measurements.2,3 A facial anthropometry study, including the proportion of the ear and nose, can assist in treatment planning for maxillofacial prostheses.4
[References]
1) Suhk JH, Park JS, Nguyen AH. Nasal analysis and anatomy: anthropometric proportional assessment in Asians—aesthetic balance from forehead to chin, part I. Semin Plast Surg 2015;29:219–225.
2) Japatti SR, Engineer PJ, Reddy BM, et al. Anthropometric assessment of the normal adult human ear. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2018;8:42-50.
3) Ozdemir F, Uzun A. Anthropometric analysis of the nose in young Turkish men and women. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2015;43(7):1244-7.
4) Fugiwara FVG, Vassallo FNS, Moritsugui DS, et al. Forensic facial reconstruction: an anthropometric study of the ear. Aust J Forensic Sci 2024.