第94回日本細菌学会総会

講演情報

シンポジウム

[S9] ディスバイオーシス研究最前線―常在細菌叢の構成変化から非感染性疾患発症リスクをどこまで明らかにできるか―

2021年3月25日(木) 09:15 〜 11:45 チャンネル4

コンビーナー:岡本 成史(金沢大学医薬保健研究域),吉田 明弘(松本歯科大学)

[S9-5] ミクロから見る乳児腸内菌叢の形成機構―母乳オリゴ糖とビフィズス菌―

○片山 高嶺 (京大院・生命科学)

Lactation is a common feeding strategy of eutherian mammals, but at least for humans, its functions go beyond feeding the neonates. Ever since Tissier isolated bifidobacteria from the stool of breast-fed infants, human milk has been postulated to contain compounds that selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in intestines. However, until relatively recently, there have been no reports to link human milk compound(s) with bifidobacterial physiology. Over the past decade, successive studies have demonstrated that infant gut-associated bifidobacteria are equipped with genetic and enzymatic toolsets dedicated to assimilation of host-derived glycans, especially human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). Among gut microbes, the presence of enzymes required for degrading HMOs is essentially limited to infant gut-associated bifidobacteria. In this talk, I will summarize the roles of bifidobacterial enzymes in the assimilation of HMOs and show recent studies demonstrating how these enzymes are associated with bifidobacteria-rich microbiota formation in the breast-fed infant guts. Our findings strongly suggest symbiosis and co-evolution between bifidobacteria and humans.