^○Noboru Harada, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Takeo Toshima, Yohei Mano, Takashi Motomura, Shinji Itoh, Toru Ikegami, Yuji Soejima, Yoshihiko Maehara (Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University)

^○Takashi Aono, Susumu Suzuki, Tomohiro Maruyama, Kazuhiro Kaneko, Tomoi Sato, Takayuki Okada, Ichiro Muto, Masaki Hasegawa (Department of Surgery, Niigata Prefectural Central Hospita)

^○Tetsuya Ikemoto, Mitsuo Shimada, Yuji Morine, Satoru Imura, Shuichi Iwahashi, Yu Saito, Hiroki Teraoku (Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan)

^○Hiroki Teraoku¹, Tetsuya Ikemoto^1,2, Shogo Ota¹, Yuma Wada¹, Yu Saito¹, Shuichi Iwahashi¹, Satoru Imura¹, Yuji Morine¹, Mitsuo Shimada¹ (1.Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan, 2.Division for patients safety, Tokushima university Hospital, Tokushima, Japan)

^○Hirokatsu Katagiri, Hiroyuki Nitta, Takeshi Takahara, Yasushi Hasegawa, Syoji Kanno, Akira Sasaki (Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan)

^○Satoshi Nozawa, Hiroyuki Nagai, Toru Saito, Motoaki Yokoyama, Youji Miyahara, Itaru Sonoda, Eiji Gochi (Department of Surgery, Seirei Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan)