Ju Mizuno¹, Toru Takahashi² (1.Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Japan, 2.Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Japan)

Noboru Hatakeyama, Masatoshi Okumura, Hideo Isobe, Atsushi Hashimoto, Kensuke Sakakibara, Yoshihito Fujita, Yoshihiro Fujiwara (Surgical Intensive Care Unit and Anesthesiology, Aichi Medical University, Japan)

Seungho Jung, Jeongmin Kim, Sungwon Na (Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea)

Taehee Kim¹, Jae Hwa Cho¹, Cheung Soo Shin², Jeong soo Kim³, Sunghoon Park⁴, Korean Non-Invasive Ventilation Study Group (1.Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea, 2.Department of Anesthesiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea, 3.Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Korea, 4.Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea)

Kazuya Kikutani, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Shingo Ohki, Hiroshi Giga, Satoshi Yamaga, Takuma Sadamori, Nobuaki Shime (Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan)