Shotaro Matsumoto,Takashi Muguruma,Kazuhiro Aoki,Mafumi Shinohara,Masanori Tani (Division of Critical Care Medicine, National Medical Center for Children and Mothers, Japan)

Takashi Tagami^1,4,Ryoichi Tosa^2,4,Mariko Omura^2,4,Hiroyuki Yokota^1,4,Shigeki Kushimoto^3,4 (1.Departments of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan 2.Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aizu Chuo Hospital, Japan 3.Division of Emergency Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine,Japan 4.PiCCO Pulmonary Edema Study Group)

Tomoyuki Masuyama¹, Masamitsu Sanui¹,Yusuke Iizuka¹,Tetsu Ohnuma¹,Tetsuya Komuro¹,Hideyuki Mouri¹,Hiroshi Koyama¹,Mizuki Sato¹,Michio Nagashima¹,Fumitaka Yanase¹,Alan T. Lefor² (1.Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Japan 2.Jichi Medical University, Japan)

Koichi Tamita,Atsuhi Yamamuro,Toshiharu Iwamura,Mika Maeda,Takehiro Tokuda,Eiichi Hyodo (Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nishinomiya Watanabe Cardiovascular Center, Japan)

Tetsuya Komuro,Masamitsu Sanui,Hideyuki Mouri,Tetsu Ohnuma,Michio Nagashima,Hiroshi Koyama,Tomoyuki Masuyama,Mizuki Sato,Yusuke Iizuka,Ai Kawamura,Fumitaka Yanase (Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Jichi Medical University Satiama Medical Center, Japan)

Mitsuhiro Okada¹,Michioki Tano²,Kumiko Onda²,Tomohisa Yokoyama²,Akiko Nawa¹,Michihiro Yokota¹,Kazuo Ohashi²,Suemi Kondo³,Yoichiro Kikuchi⁴,Naoya Kobayashi⁵ (1.Department of Pharmaceutical, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Blood Purification Center, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 3.Department of Nursing, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 4.Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 5.Department of Surgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan)

Suk Hee Song¹,Hannah Lee²,Chanwoo Cho²,Ho Geol Ryu² (1.Department of Nursing, Seoul National University, Korea 2.Department of Anesthesiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea)

Yukako Mizuno¹,Mari Kondo¹,Kaori Sugano¹,Sumie Kikuchi¹,Hideki Yumikake²,Saori Kawagoe²,Takahiro Kato²,Harutomo Ono²,Yoichiro Kikuchi³,Kazuo Ohashi⁴,Naoya Kobayashi⁴ (1.Department of Nutrition, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 3.Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 4.Department of Blood Purification Center, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan)

Nobuko Sasano¹,Akemi Tanaka² (1.Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Nagoya City West Medical Center Japan 2.Department of Anesthesia, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Japan)

Yoichiro Kikuchi¹,Hiroshi Takeishi²,Kazuo Ohashi³,Shiro Hanakawa⁴,Keiko Kobayashi⁵,Hideki Yumikake⁶,Suemi Kondo⁷,Naoya Kobayashi⁸,Kohei Tsukahara⁹ (1.Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Dentistry, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 3.Department of Blood Purification Center, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 4.Department of Orthopedics, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 5.Department of General Medicine, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 6.Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 7.Department of Nursing, Okayama Saidaiji, Hospital, Japan 8.Department of Surgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan, 9.Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan)

Rungsun Bhurayanontachai, Piyada Kongkamol, Chanon Kongkamol (Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand)

Takashige Yamada¹,Yoshifumi Kotake²,Kazuo Tomizawa¹,Midori Matsumoto¹ (1.Department of Anesthesiology, Kyosai Tachikawa Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Japan)

Yusuke Iizuka¹,Masamitsu Sanui¹,Michio Nagashima¹,Hiroshi Koyama¹,Tetsuya Komuro¹,Hideyuki Mouri¹,Tetsu Ohnuma¹,Tomoyuki Masuyama¹,Mizuki Sato¹,Ai Kawamura¹,Koichi Matsuo² (1.Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Japan 2.Department of Internal Medicine, Misato Kenwa Hospital, Japan)

Keizo Ikemune¹,Yoko Desaki¹,Amane Konishi²,Kotaro Kikuchi²,Ayako Kukida²,Tasuku Nishihara²,Yuki Numata¹,Katsuko Nishida²,Toshihiro Yorozuya³,Kentaro Dote¹,Takumi Nagaro² (1.Intensive Care Division, Ehime University Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Ehime, Japan 3.Surgical Division, Ehime University Hospital, Japan)

Takashi Tagami^1,4,Ryoichi Tosa^2,4,Mariko Omura^2,4,Hiroyuki Yokota^1,4,Shigeki Kushimoto^3,4 (1.Departments of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan 2.Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Aizu Chuo Hospital, Japan 3.Division of Emergency Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine,Japan 4.PiCCO Pulmonary Edema Study Group)

Hwa-Mi Lee,Ji-Hyun Park,Won-Jung Shin,Gyu-Sam Hwang (Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Dynamics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea)

Young-Rock Ha,Dong Un Kim,Young Sik Kim (Department of Emergency Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Korea)

Kenshin Shimono,Satoshi Inada,Tatsuji Katsu,Mitsuhito Sato,Hideaki Yoshihara (Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kagoshima City Hospital, Japan)

Tadayuki Hashimoto¹,Masatomo Kiyota¹,Tetsuhisa Yamada²,Akio Nakatsuka²,Masashi Yonemitsu³,Masaya Kato³,Hiroshi Imura¹ (1.Department of General internal medicine, Aso Iizuka Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Emergency medicine, Aso Iizuka Hospital, Japan 3.Department of Emergency medicine, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, Japan)

Takahiro Kato¹,Hideki Yumikake¹,Yuka Sato¹,Yukie Yuhara¹,Toshiki Miyazaki¹,Michioki Tano²,Yoichiro Kikuchi³,Kazuo Ohashi⁴,Shiro Hanakawa⁵,Suemi Kondo⁶,Naoya Kobayashi⁷ (1.Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 2.Department of Medical Engineer, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 3.Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 4.Department of Blood Purification Center, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 5.Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 6.Department of Nursing, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan 7.Department of Surgery, Okayama Saidaiji Hospital, Japan)

Tomohiko Masuno¹,Liang He²,Naoki Tominaga²,Masahiro Yamaguchi²,Jun Hagiwara²,Shiei Kim²,Masato Miyauchi²,Masatoku Arai²,Makoto Kawai²,Hiroyuki Yokota² (1.Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan 2.Nippon Medical School, Japan)

Takuya Ueno¹,Toshiaki Ikeda¹,Shingo Suda¹,Takeo Nagura¹,Takeshi Fujii² (1.Division of Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Hachioji Medical Center, Japan 2.Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Prevention, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Japan)

Yasuhiro Kuroda (Department of Emergency, Disaster, and Critical Care Meidicne, Kagawa University, Faculty of Medicine, Japan)

Hsin-I Shih¹,Hsiang-Chin Hsu¹,Hung-Yin Lai²,Yung-Ting Tso²,Chih-Hsien Chi¹ (1.Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan 2.Clinical Skill Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan)

Chiaki Toida,Takashi Muguruma,Masafumi Gima,Shotaro Matsumoto,Yuki Enomoto (Division of Acute and Critical Care, National Medical Center for Children and Mothers, Japan)