[II-JCKAP5-2-3] Clinical Characteristics of Neonatal and Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A 19-year Single-Center Experience
Keywords:extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, cardiac failure, respiratory failure
Objective: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is crucial for managing severe respiratory or cardiac failure in pediatric care, showing improved survival rates despite significant complications. This study examines 19 years of neonatal and pediatric ECMO outcomes at Samsung Medical Center.Methods: We analyzed 237 pediatric ECMO patients aged 1 day to 18 years from February 2004 to March 2023, focusing on the first ECMO run per patient. Outcomes measured included successful weaning and survival to discharge.Results: Among the 237 patients, 51 were neonates and 186 were older children. The overall successful weaning rate was 60.3%, with a 47.3% survival to discharge rate. Neonates showed a 50% weaning and 34.6% survival rate, with higher survival in cardiac cases (47.6%) compared to respiratory cases (40%). In pediatric ECMO support, 131 patients (70.4%) were supported for cardiac cause and 55 (29.6%) for respiratory cause. Among pediatric cardiac support, congenital heart disease related causes were 40.5% and survival rate was 41.5%, while non-congenital heart disease related causes were 59.5% and survival rate was 53.8%. Fifteen patients used ECMO as a bridge to transplantation, with a 61.5% survival rate post-transplant.Conclusions: Pediatric ECMO outcomes have improved, but vary by disease type. A personalized approach based on specific risk factors and conditions is recommended.